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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Thermodynamic Properties of the One-Dimensional Spin-1/2 Heisenberg Antiferromagnet with Competing Interactions

Isao Harada, Tetsuji Kimura, Takashi Tonegawa

Published Aug 15, 1988• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Thermodynamic properties are studied for the one-dimensional spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet with antiferromagnetic first- and second-neighbor exchange interactions. The internal energy, the specific heat, and the two-spin correlation function are calculated by means of the cluster transfer matrix method based on the Suzuki-Trotter equivalence theorem. Special attention is paid to the asymptotic behavior of the two-spin correlation function in the long-distarace limit. It is found that for a certain range of values of the interaction constants and of the temperature, the two-spin correlation function decays with an incommensurate or a higher-order commensurate oscillation as a function of the distance between two spins. We also find that there exists a quantum analog of the disorder line, on which the two-spin correlation function changes its character.

DOI
10.1143/jpsj.57.2779

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Thermodynamic properties are studied for the one-dimensional spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet with antiferromagnetic first- and second-neighbor exchange interactions. The internal energy, the specific heat, and the two-spin correlation function are calculated by means of the cluster transfer matrix method based on the Suzuki-Trotter equivalence theorem. Special attention is paid to the asymptotic behavior of the two-spin correlation function in the long-distarace limit. It is found that for a certain range of values of the interaction constants and of the temperature, the two-spin correlation function decays with an incommensurate or a higher-order commensurate oscillation as a function of the distance between two spins. We also find that there exists a quantum analog of the disorder line, on which the two-spin correlation function changes its character.
We study the ground-state and finite-temperature properties of the one-dimensional isotropic spin-1/2 Heisenberg magnet with ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor and antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor interactions which compete with each other. Extrapolating the exact results for finite-size systems of up to 20 spins, we estimate the ground-state energy and the ground-state two-spin correlation function in the infinite-size limit. Using the cluster transfer matrix method, we also calculate the temperature dependence of the internal energy and the specific heat and that of the inverse correlation length and the wave number, by both of which the asymptotic behavior of the two-spin correlation function in the long-distance limit is characterized. We compare the results of these calculations with those obtained previously for the case where the nearest-neighbor interaction is antiferromagnetic.
Ground-state properties are studied for the one-dimensional isotropic spin-1 Heisenberg magnet with antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor (nn) and next-nearest-neighbor (nnn) interactions. The energy, the singlet-triplet energy gap, the two-spin correlation function, and the den Nijs and Rommelse string correlation function in the ground states of finite-size systems of up to 16 spins are calculated exactly. By extrapolating these results, the ground-state properties at the infinite-size limit are discussed. It is found, in particular, that as the ratio of the nnn interaction constant to the nn one increases, the string order parameter (the limiting value of the longest-distance string correlation function) as well as the Haldane gap (the limiting value of the singlet-triplet energy gap) divided by the sum of both interaction constants increases. This result implies that the competition between the antiferromagnetic nn and nnn interactions stabilizes the Haldane phase.
The one-dimensional spin-1 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chains are studied by a generalized two-time Green's-function method at finite temperature. 〈Siz{\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{i}}^{\mathit{z}}Siz​〉 is set to zero at each site to guarantee the lack of the long-range order in the one-dimensional Heisenberg system. The Green's functions are decoupled in terms of the correlation functions of spin operators. A set of self-consistent equations of the correlation functions are derived and solved numerically. Correlation functions of spin operators, thermodynamic properties such as the internal energy, and specific heat in the entire temperature region are obtained. The Haldane gap in the excitation spectrum appears naturally in the analytical result. When k is zero, there is a gap 2\ensuremath{\Delta}, which is 1.0J and close to the theoretical result of White and Huse. And there is a broad maximum in the temperature dependence of the specific heat. The properties of the thermodynamic quantities are consistent with the numerical results on the finite chains. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Ground-state properties are studied for the one-dimensional anisotropic spin-1/2 Heisenberg magnet with ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor and antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor interactions, which are assumed to have the same form as regards the anisotropy. The singlet-triplet energy gap, the magnetization, the energy, and the two-spin correlation function in the ground states of finite-size systems of up to 20 spins are calculated exactly. By extrapolating these results, the values of the above quantities at the infinite-size limit are estimated. Special attention is paid to the limiting ground-state phase diagram on the plane of the ratio of the next-nearest-neighbor interaction constant to the nearest-neighbor one versus the anisotropy parameter. It is found that, when the interactions have the XY-type anisotropy, the limiting ground state is in the spin-fiuid phase or in the dimer phase depending upon whether the ratio between the interaction constants is smaller or larger than a critical value. It is also found that, when the interactions have the Ising-type anisotropy, a novel phase with unsaturated magnetization appears between the ferromagnetic and (2, 2) antiphase phases in the limiting ground-state phase diagram.
Ground-state properties are studied for the one-dimensional anisotropic spin-1/2 Heisen­ berg magnet with ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor and antiferromagnetic next-nearest­ neighbor interactions, which are assumed to have the same form as regards the anisotropy. The singlet-triplet energy gap, the magnetization, the energy, and the two-spin correlation function in the ground states of finite-size systems of up to 20 spins are calculated exactly. By extrapolating these results, the values of the above quantities at the infinite-size limit are estimated. Special attention is paid to the limiting ground-state phase diagram on the plane of the ratio of the next-nearest-neighbor interaction constant to the nearest-neighbor one versus the anisotropy parameter. It is found that, when the interactions have the XY-type anisotropy, the limiting ground state is in the spin-fluid phase or in the dimer phase depending upon whether the ratio between the interaction constants is smaller or larger than a critical value. It is also found that, when the interactions have the Ising-type anisotropy, a novel phase with unsaturated magnetization appears between the ferromagnetic and (2, 2) antiphase phases in the limiting ground-state phase diagram.