Technological developments in fiber-optic communications introduce new technologies with their own set of vulnerabilities. Vulnerability issues at the optical layer are explored to the degree necessary to lay a foundation for the development of security measures to protect the communications infrastructure and communications signal. Several means of infusing security into the development of new optical communication devices and optical fiber technology are presented.
Technological developments in fiber-optic communications introduce new technologies with their own set of vulnerabilities. Vulnerability issues at the optical layer are explored to the degree necessary to lay a foundation for the development of security measures to protect the communications infrastructure and communications signal. Several means of infusing security into the development of new optical communication devices and optical fiber technology are presented.
The physical layer of an optical network is vulnerable to a variety of attacks, including jamming, physical infrastructure attacks, eavesdropping, and interception. As the demand for network capacity grows dramatically, the issue of securing the physical layer of optical network cannot be overlooked. In this survey paper, we discuss the security threats in an optical network as well as present several existing optical techniques to improve the security. In the first part of this paper, we discuss various types of security threats that could appear in the optical layer of an optical network, including jamming, physical infrastructure attacks, eavesdropping, and interception. Intensive research has focused on improving optical network security, in the above specific areas. Real-time processing of the optical signal is essential in order to integrate security functionality at the physical layer while not undermining the true value of optical communications, which is its speed. Optical layer security benefits from the unique properties of optical processing-instantaneous response, broadband operation, electromagnetic immunity, compactness, and low latency. In the second part of this paper, various defenses against the security threats outlined in this paper are discussed, including optical encryption, optical code-division multiple access (CDMA) confidentiality, self-healing survivable optical rings, anti-jamming, and optical steganography.
Fiber Optics Communication is also one of the major branch which is widely used in current communication world. Due to several advantages of fiber optics communication over different conventional wired communication method it is having higher priority. Though fiber optic transmits large amount of data quickly over long distance, it is vulnerable to various security attacks. The fiber optic cable can be easily tapped. Fundamental improvements can be achieved for the entire network by increasing the optical network’s performance in terms of channel capacity, data rate, and processing speed. Furthermore, the security of the optical network has an impact on the security of the entire communication system. Optical network security can be effectively protected by fiber-based methods, including all optical signal processing, optical key distribution, optical steganography, and optical chaos-based communication. Fiber-based devices do not radiate an electromagnetic signature and are immune to electromagnetic interference. To provide end to end secure fiber optic communication, a special encryption algorithm based on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is employed. The proposed encryption algorithm is simulated and the performance is analyzed. In this paper we are mostly dealing with the basics of fiber optics working principle, priority over other conventional communication system and role of fiber optics communication in computer networking and its vulnerabilities.
At present, the optical fiber transmission technology is developing more and more rapidly. In the meantime, the discussion on the security issues triggered by it has become more and more intense. Based on this, this article summarizes the mainstream methods for improving the security of optical fiber transmission technology at the present stage. This can provide the certain reference direction for future research and exploration. Currently certain accomplishments have been attained in the physical layer, management layer, the network layer, the encryption technology, and the access control. But at the same time, there are also some disadvantages in certain aspects. For example, the complexity of the encryption technology is too high, the cost of the management layer is too excessive, and the difficulty of constructing the network layer is too great. In the future, more in-depth research can be conducted in material improvement, intelligent management, optimization of encryption technology, construction of secure networks, and detection of intrusion signals. This will further enhance the security of optical fiber transmission technology.
We discuss the near future impact that recent developments of quantum technologies can have in the field of fiber optic communication systems. The ability to generate, manipulate, transmit, and detect a single or very few photon(s) may open new routes that can trigger a completely new generation of communication systems. We show that quantum technologies can address two of the more challenging problems communication engineers face nowadays: capacity and security. Indeed, by radically decreasing the number of photons used to encode each bit of information, we can more efficiently explore the full capacity to carry information of optical fibers. Moreover, by encoding information in individual or very few photons, we can take advantage of the quantum laws to add new functionalities to communication systems. Secrecy is the more obvious one, but a completely new set of functionalities can be added at the physical layer considering the peculiarities of quantum laws that rule transmission and detection.
With the development of optical fiber communication network eavesdropping technology, its security is facing new challenges in recent years.Some of the optical fiber communication eavesdropping technology cannot be detected with its hidden features, so it is necessary to study optical fiber tapping technology and its defensive measures.This paper summarized the cases in which the international optical fiber communication network had been eavesdropped in recent years, and introduced the intrusion and non-intrusive optical fiber eavesdropping methods.Based on the analysis of the general misunderstanding of optical fiber communication network security, the effective measures to defense fiber eavesdropping are put forward.
Fiber optic systems are important telecommunication infrastructure for world-wide broadband networks. Wide bandwidth signal transmission with low delay is a key requirement in present day applications. Optical fibers provide enormous and unsurpassed transmission bandwidth with negligible latency, and are now the transmission medium of choice for long distance and high data rate transmission in telecommunication networks. This paper gives an overview of fiber optic communication systems including their key technologies, and also discusses their technological trend towards the next generation