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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)

Directional Property of Radiation Emitted from Entangled Atoms

Byung Gyu Kim, C. H. Raymond Ooi, Hai-Woong Lee

Published Aug 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Is the directional property of radiation emitted from atoms characteristically different depending on whether the atoms are entangled or not? We investigate this question by analyzing and comparing directional properties of radiation emitted from two and three atoms prepared in an entangled state and in a separable state.
DOI
10.1109/cleopr.2007.4391560

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Localized radiation sources are analyzed with respect to the relation of nonclassicality and quantum entanglement of the emitted light. The source field parts of the radiation emitted in different directions are closely related to each other. As a consequence, nonclassicality of the light fields in one direction directly implies entanglement of the field modes in different directions. This implication can be extended to multipartite entanglement and multitime quantum correlations. Given that a nonclassical effect is observed, our approach explicitly yields the multipartite entanglement witnesses. Two examples are considered, the fluorescence radiation of a system of two-level atoms and of excitons in a semiconductor quantum well.
The spontaneous emission of a set of NNN identical two-level atoms interacting with a quantized electromagnetic field is studied. The atoms are assumed to be close together compared to the mean wavelength of the emitted radiation, and their initial state is either a Dicke state or a superposition of the ground and excited state for each atom. Approximate expressions are obtained for transition probabilities, expectation values, and correlations as functions of time. The spontaneous emission for a very large separation of the atoms is also studied. In this case the directional properties of the emitted radiation, as well as the time within which the atoms decay to their ground state, depend on the position of each atom.
We investigate the super and sub-radiance characteristics of the radiation emitted from a system of three two-level atoms, in the GHZ and W-states. The dipolar coupling between atoms leads to two distinct configurations, one in which the three atoms are on a line, and the other in a closed loop form, wherein each atom interacts with both its neighbours. The quantum statistical properties of the emitted radiation show distinctly different characteristics for the GHZ and W-states resulting from the above configurations. The far-field radiation pattern also shows distinct differences between differently entangled states, making it possible for optical probing of entangled states.