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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Study of Localized Solutions of the Nonlinear Discrete Model for Dipolar BEC in an Optical Lattice by the Homoclinic Orbit Method

Azeddine Messikh, Bakhram Umarov

Published Apr 26, 2013• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We use homoclinic orbits to find solutions of a dynamical system of the dipolar Bose Einstein Condensate (BEC) in a deep optical lattice. The equation of motion is transformed to a two-dimensional map and its homoclinic orbits are computed numerically. Each homoclinic orbit leads to a different solution. These different solutions lead to different types of solitons. We also analyse the stability of the solutions.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/435/1/012026

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We use homoclinic orbits to find solutions of a dynamical system of the dipolar Bose Einstein Condensate (BEC) in a deep optical lattice. The equation of motion is transformed to a two-dimensional map and its homoclinic orbits are computed numerically. Each homoclinic orbit leads to a different solution. These different solutions lead to different types of solitons. We also analyse the stability of the solutions.
The present work is devoted to the theoretical investigation of the dynamics of Bose –Einstein condensates (BEC) in optical lattice with the long range magnetic dipole-dipole interaction between atoms. The system is described by a nonlocal nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE). We consider the case when the lattice depth is sufficiently large (tight binding approximation). In this case nonlocal NLSE can be reduced to discrete NLSE equation. We show that discrete NLSE equation for some range of parameters can be reduced further to integrable Ablowitz-Ladik equation which supports moving solitons. Taking the one-soliton solution of Ablowitz-Ladik equation as an initial condition we have performed detailed numerical study of a soliton dynamics in both nonlocal NLSE and discrete NLSE. The conditions of existence and stability of moving solitons in dipolar BEC in an optical lattice are numerically revealed. Also the applicability limits for the tight binding approximation for the experimentally achievable range of parameters are investigated.
Modulational instability and discrete matter wave solitons in dipolar BECs, loaded into a deep optical lattice, are investigated analytically and numerically. The process of modulational instability of nonlinear plane matter waves in a dipolar nonlinear lattice is studied and the regions of instability are established. The existence and stability of bulk discrete solitons are analyzed analytically and confirmed by numerical simulations. In marked contrast with the usual discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger behavior (no dipolar interactions), we found a region where the two fundamental modes are simultaneously unstable, allowing enhanced mobility across the lattice for large norm values. To study the existence and properties of surface discrete solitons, an analysis of the dimer configuration is performed. The properties of symmetric and antisymmetric modes including stability diagrams and bifurcations are investigated in closed form. For the case of a bulk medium, properties of fundamental on-site and intersite localized modes are analyzed. On-site and intersite surface localized modes are studied, and we find that they do not exist when nonlocal interactions predominate with respect to local ones.
We study localized nonlinear excitations of a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with spin-orbit coupling in a deep optical lattice (OL). We use Wannier functions to derive a tight-binding model that includes the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) at the discrete level in the form of a generalized discrete nonlinear Schödinger equation. Spectral properties are investigated and the existence and stability of discrete solitons and breathers with different symmetry properties with respect to the OL is demonstrated. We show that the symmetry of the modes can be changed from on-site to inter-site and to asymmetric modes simply by changing the interspecies interaction. Asymmetric modes appear to be novel modes intrinsic of the SOC.
We study the stability of the continuous waves in the pancake shaped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in the strong optical lattice potential with the coexisting local (the short-range s-wave) interaction and nonlocal (the dipole-dipole) interactions between the condensate atoms.The system is modeled by two two-dimensional discrete models derived from the Gross-Pitaevskii equation accounting the dipole-dipole interactions: discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation with cubic nonlinearity and nonpolynomial Schrödinger equation.The corresponding dispersion relations are calculated analytically and the regions of the modulation instability in the parametric space are summarized into the stability diagrams.
We numerically demonstrate two-dimensional (2D) matter-wave solitons in the disk-shaped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) trapped in strongly anisotropic optical lattices (OLs) in a disk's plane. The considered OLs are square lattices which can be formed by interfering two pairs of plane waves with different intensities. The hopping rates of the condensates between two adjacent lattices in the orthogonal directions are different, which gives rise to a linearly anisotropic system. We find that when the polarized orientation of the dipoles is parallel to disk's plane with the same direction, the combined effects of the linearly anisotropy and the nonlocal nonlinear anisotropy strongly influence the formations, as well as the dynamics of the lattice solitons. Particularly, the isotropy-pattern solitons (IPSs) are found when these combined effects reach a balance. Motion, collision, and rotation of the IPSs are also studied in detail by means of systematic simulations. We further find that these IPSs can move freely in the 2D anisotropic discrete system, hence giving rise to an anisotropic effective mass. Four types of collisions between the IPSs are identified. By rotating an external magnetic field up to a critical angular velocity, the IPSs can still remain localized and play as a breather. Finally, the influences from the combined effects between the linear and the nonlocal nonlinear anisotropy with consideration of the contact and/or local nonlinearity are discussed too.