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Chinese Physics

Entanglement-enhanced classical communication through an amplitude-damping channel

Hou Li-Zhen, Fang Mao-Fa

Published Aug 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider the problem of trying to send a single classical bit through an amplitude-damping channel when two transmissions through the channel are available as a resource. It is demonstrated that two entangled transmissions can enhance the receiver's capability of making a correct inference under certain conditions compared with two product-state transmissions.

DOI
10.1088/1009-1963/16/8/006

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We consider the problem of trying to send a single classical bit through an amplitude-damping channel when two transmissions through the channel are available as a resource. It is demonstrated that two entangled transmissions can enhance the receiver's capability of making a correct inference under certain conditions compared with two product-state transmissions.
The problem of sending a single classical bit through a generalized amplitude damping channel is considered. When two transmissions through the channel are available as a resource, we find that two entangled transmissions can enhance the capability of receiver's judging information correctly under certain conditions compared with two product-state transmissions. In addition, we find a special case in which the two entangled transmissions can always make a classical bit more effectively disable the noise influence.
Entanglement of quantum states is a very important resource in quantum communication systems. For many special tasks, entanglement is found to be helpful. But it is still a problem how to find the relationship between the amount of entanglement and the effect of doing the task. In this work, we consider a particular task—trying to send a single classical bit as effective as possible through a noisy quantum channel and two transmissions through the channel are available as a resource. For two special channels—amplitude damping channel and two-Pauli channel, we separately establish the quantitative connections, and try to find whether the relationship is always monotonous, i.e., the states with the larger entanglement necessarily result in the better effect. Unfortunately, this is not true. At the same time, we can get the optimal codes for the task using this method.
Encoding schemes and error-correcting codes are widely used in information technology to improve the reliability of data transmission over real-world communication channels. Quantum information protocols can further enhance the performance in data transmission by encoding a message in quantum states; however, most proposals to date have focused on the regime of a large number of uses of the noisy channel, which is unfeasible with current quantum technology. We experimentally demonstrate quantum enhanced communication over an amplitude damping noisy channel with only two uses of the channel per bit and a single entangling gate at the decoder. By simulating the channel using a photonic interferometric setup, we experimentally increase the reliability of transmitting a data bit by greater than 2020%20 for a certain damping range over classically sending the message twice. We show how our methodology can be extended to larger systems by simulating the transmission of a single bit with up to eight uses of the channel and a two-bit message with three uses of the channel, predicting a quantum enhancement in all cases.
Can entangling codewords across independent uses of a quantum channel improve the rate of classical communication? An old conjecture states that there is no such entanglement advantage for all channels. Although Hastings's result and follow-up works disproved this conjecture, it turns out that enormous dimension is required to construct a channel where entanglement enhances classical communication. This indicates that there might be no entanglement advantage for many physical channels, or for all low dimensional channels. Motivated by recent progress on (generalized) amplitude damping channels, we propose a general Schur-weighted block entropy inequality, and show that there is no entanglement advantage for all phase-covariant channels including multi-level amplitude damping channels, generalized dephasing channels, and damping-dephasing channels. As a by-product, we also recover the recently established result that there is no entanglement advantage for all qubit channels.
We analyze the problem of sending classical information through qubit channels where successive uses of the channel are correlated. This work extends the analysis of Macchiavello and Palma to the case of a non-Pauli channel---the amplitude damping channel. Using the channel description outlined by Daffer et al., we derive the correlated amplitude damping channel. We obtain a result similar to that obtained by Macchiavello and Palma, that is, under certain conditions on the degree of channel memory, the use of entangled input signals may enhance the information transmission compared to the use of product input signals.
We propose a scheme to enhance entanglement from amplitude damping or correlated amplitude damping decoherence. We show that entanglement sudden death time can be prolonged by the initial single-qubit operation combined with local filtering operation. For the amplitude damping channel case, we give the optimal single-qubit operation for arbitrary pure state [Formula: see text]. For the correlated amplitude damping channel case, we find that single-qubit operation on the initial state can not only enhance the final entanglement but also avoid entanglement sudden death. Compared to the previous schemes, the optimal operations and local filtering operations used in our scheme are independent with the decay parameters of the environment.