Applications of an extended version of the Hartree-Fock theory and the random-phase approximation derived from the time-dependent density-matrix theory (TDDM) are presented. In this TDDM-based theory, the ground state is given as a stationary solution of the TDDM equations and the excited states are calculated using the small-amplitude limit of TDDM. The first application presented is an extended Lipkin model in which an interaction term describing a particle scattering is added to the original Hamiltonian so that the damping of a collective state is taken into account. It is found that the TDDM-based theory well reproduces the ground state and excited states of the extended Lipkin model. The quadrupole excitation of the oxygen isotopes
16,20,22O is also studied as realistic applications of the TDDM-based theory. It is found that large fragmentation of the giant quadrupole resonance in
16O is reproduced, and it is pointed out that the effects of ground-state correlations are quite important for fragmentation. It is also found that the quadrupole states in neutron-rich oxygen isotopes have small spreading widths.
The ground states and excited states of the Lipkin model Hamiltonian are calculated using a new theoretical approach that has been derived from an extended time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory known as the time-dependent density-matrix (TDDM) theory. TDDM theory enables us to calculate correlated ground states, and its small amplitude limit (STDDM), which is a version of extended RPA theories based on a correlated ground state, can be used to calculate excited states. It is found that this TDDM plus STDDM approach gives much better results for both the ground states and the excited states than the Hartree-Fock ground state plus RPA approach.