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International Conference on Systems and Networks Communications

Bootstrapped Iterative Decoding Algorithms for Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) Codes

Albashir Adel Mohamed, Maha Mohamed Elsabrouty, Salwa Elramly

Published Aug 1, 2010• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Reliability ratio based weighted bit-flipping algorithm is one of the best hard decision decoding algorithms in performance. Recently several modifications are done to this technique either to improve performance or to lower the complexity. The implementation efficient reliability ratio based weighted bit-flipping is developed targeting decreasing processing time of the decoding process. In this paper we are targeting improving performance of recent developed algorithm named low complex implementation efficient reliability ratio based weighted bit-flipping by adding a bootstrap step to the decoding technique which leads to increase in reliability of received bits then number of decoded bits will be increased leading to improve in performance. Also a modification done to bootstrap step for further increase the performance.

DOI
10.1109/icsnc.2010.59

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Reliability ratio based weighted bit-flipping algorithm is one of the best hard decision decoding algorithms in performance. Recently several modifications are done to this technique either to improve performance or to lower the complexity. The implementation efficient reliability ratio based weighted bit-flipping is developed targeting decreasing processing time of the decoding process. In this paper we are targeting improving performance of recent developed algorithm named low complex implementation efficient reliability ratio based weighted bit-flipping by adding a bootstrap step to the decoding technique which leads to increase in reliability of received bits then number of decoded bits will be increased leading to improve in performance. Also a modification done to bootstrap step for further increase the performance.
The reliability ratio weighted based bit-flipping (RRWBF) algorithm for decoding low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes has recently been developed to provide the best performance among all existing bit-flipping based algorithms. The implementation efficient reliability ratio weighted based bit-flipping (IERRWBF) algorithm speedup the original algorithm to decrease the processing time used. A drawback for this algorithm is the decrease in the improvement as the maximum number of iterations assigned for the algorithm increase as a large percentage of decoding time is spent on the iteration part without any change in the performance. In this paper, a modified version for this algorithm is proposed to solve this drawback by reducing the number of iterations required to achieve the same performance of the existing IERRWBF algorithm using efficient number of iterations instead of using the maximum number of iterations for decoding without any change in the performance of the IERRWBF.
Recently, various decoding algorithms with Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes have been proposed. Most algorithms can be divided into a hard decision algorithm and a soft decision algorithm. The Weighted Bit Flipping (WBF) algorithm that is between a hard decision and a soft decision algorithms has been proposed. The Bootstrapped WBF and Modified WBF algorithms have been proposed to improve the error rate performance and decoding complexity of the WBF algorithm. In this letter, we apply the Bootstrap step to the Modified WBF algorithm. We show that the Bootstrapped modified WBF algorithm outperforms the WBF, Bootstrapped WBF, and Modified WBF algorithms. Moreover, we show that the Bootstrapped modified WBF algorithm has the lowest decoding complexity.
This paper considers a modified iterative version of the two-stage hybrid algorithm for decoding low-density parity- check (LDPC) codes. The hybrid-decision scheme is a decoding scheme used that combines two iterative decoding algorithms for decoding LDPC codes. This scheme is suitable for many applications such as audio and video transmission that are sensitive to time. The hybrid-decision scheme mixes between the characteristics of the soft-decision decoding scheme and the hard- decision decoding scheme to reduce the computational complexity of the whole decoding algorithm. The modification proposed in this paper is applied to the implementation-efficient reliability ratio weighted bit-flipping (IERRWBF) algorithm which represents hard-decision scheme in the hybrid algorithm. This modification is capable of achieving better performance than that of the hybrid decoding algorithm with reducing the number of iterations required at each SNR and approaching more to the performance of the SPA. This reduction is more observable as the maximum number of iterations assigned for the algorithm increases or as the code length increases with improving the error performance as proved by simulation results.
It was recently shown that the reliability ratio based bit-flipping (RRWBF) decoding algorithm for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes performs best among existing bit-flipping-based algorithms. A new version of this algorithm is proposed such that decoding time is significantly reduced, especially when the iteration number is small and the code length is large. Simulation results showed the proposed version has up to 2322.39%, 823.90%, 511.79%, and 261.92% speedup compared to the original algorithm on a UNIX workstation for 10, 30, 50, and 100 iterations. It is thus much more efficient to adopt this version for simulation and hardware implementation. Moreover, this version of the RRWBF algorithm provides a more intuitive way of interpreting its superior performance over other bit-flipping-based algorithms.