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Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

Stability of isotropic Fermi superfluids

Jerzy Czerwonko

Published Oct 1, 1982• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0378-4371(82)90038-3

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It is studied which type of superfluidity is induced by the paramagnon-mediated interaction in a two-dimensional isotropic Fermion system. The stability of various types of Cooper pairing is investigated in the framework of strong coupling theory on the basis of the RPA treatment for spin fluctuations. It is shown that the d -wave pairing is the most likely possibility in the two-dimensional isotropic Fermi system with short-range repulsive interaction. This is in marked contrast with the three-dimensional case where the triplet p -wave pairing is stabilized, and gives a prediction for a possible type of superfluidity of 3 He adsorbed on the flat graphite surface.
Gapless superconductivity can arise when pairing occurs between fermion species with different Fermi surface sizes, provided there is a sufficiently large mismatch between Fermi surfaces and/or at sufficiently large coupling constant. In gapless states, secondary Fermi surfaces appear where quasiparticle excitation energy vanishes. This work focuses on homogeneous and isotropic superfluids in the s-wave channel, with either zero (conventional superconductor), one, or two spherical Fermi surfaces. The stability conditions for these candidate phases are analyzed. It is found that gapless states with one Fermi surface are stable in the BEC region, while gapless states with two Fermi surfaces are unstable in all parameter space. The results can be applied to ultracold fermionic atom systems.
Gapless superconductivity can arise when pairing occurs between fermion species with different Fermi surface sizes, provided there is a sufficiently large mismatch between Fermi surfaces and/or at sufficiently large coupling constant. In gapless states, secondary Fermi surfaces appear where quasiparticle excitation energy vanishes. This work focuses on homogeneous and isotropic superfluids in the s-wave channel, with either zero (conventional superconductor), one, or two spherical Fermi surfaces. The stability conditions for these candidate phases are analyzed. It is found that gapless states with one Fermi surface are stable in the BEC region, while gapless states with two Fermi surfaces are unstable in all parameter space. The results can be applied to ultracold fermionic atom systems.