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Nature Photonics

Trapping and delaying photons for one nanosecond in an ultrasmall high-Q photonic-crystal nanocavity

Takasumi Tanabe, Masaya Notomi, Eiichi Kuramochi, Akihiko Shinya, Hideaki Taniyama

Published Dec 21, 2006• 404 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1038/nphoton.2006.51

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We consider the interaction between a single rubidium atom and a photonic crystal nanocavity. Because of the ultrasmall mode volume of the nanocavity, an extremely strong coupling regime can be achieved in which the atom can shift the cavity resonance by many cavity linewidths. We show that this shift can be exploited to trap a single atom above the cavity. The atom is trapped by light that is only inside the cavity as a result of the shift of the cavity resonance caused by the proximity of the atom itself. This atom trap requires only a fraction of a photon inside the cavity. Surprisingly, the damping of the cavity plays a pivotal role in this trapping mechanism.
This article overviews our recent studies of ultrahigh-Q and ultrasmall photonic-crystal cavities, and their applications to nonlinear optical processing and novel adiabatic control of light. First, we show our latest achievements of ultrahigh-Q photonic-crystal nanocavities, and present extreme slow-light demonstration. Next, we show all-optical bistable switching and memory operations based on enhanced optical nonlinearity in these nanocavities with extremely low power, and discuss their applicability for realizing chip-scale all-optical logic, such as flip-flop. Finally, we introduce adiabatic tuning of high-Q nanocavities, which leads to novel wavelength conversion and another type of optical memories.