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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Design for efficient erbium-doped fiber-based superfluorescent source

Parthasarathi Palai, Sze Yun Set

Published Sep 25, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An efficient erbium doped fiber based superfluorescent source, which operates by reflection of the backward ASE in the forward direction, has been studied. Dependence of conversion efficiency on fiber length and amount of reflectance has been investigated. A simple reflecting device such as a Faraday rotating mirror can be used for this purpose so as to increase the conversion efficiency of the reflected forward ASE.

DOI
10.1117/12.441325

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Acta Optica Sinica•Jan 1, 2012•0 citations
An efficient erbium doped fiber based superfluorescent source, which operates by reflection of the backward ASE in the forward direction, has been studied. Dependence of conversion efficiency on fiber length and amount of reflectance has been investigated. A simple reflecting device such as a Faraday rotating mirror can be used for this purpose so as to increase the conversion efficiency of the reflected forward ASE.
The dependence of erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) performance on the erbium ion concentration is studied experimentally and theoretically. The quantum efficiency of the amplifier is found to he strongly dependent on the erbium ion concentration, the signal wavelength, and the relative propagation direction of the pump and signal beams. This dependence is fully explained by the presence of an upconversion mechanism between ions residing in pairs or larger clusters and suggests that other sources of amplifier performance degradation (back-ground loss, excited state absorption, homogenous upconversion) are negligible. The experimental data show that in the present EDFA designs with over 80% quantum/conversion efficiency, the aluminum co-doped fibers with erbium ion concentration less than 20/spl times/10/sup 24/ m/sup -3/ (900 molar ppm Er/sup 3+/) are most suitable.
We demonstrate a novel method for equalising the spectra of erbium doped superfluorescent fibre sources in the double-pass forward configuration. The equalising technique uses novel single-mode fibre to planar waveguide filters in a double-pass forward superfluorescent source to smooth the output spectrum. The insertion loss of the filter device used in this paper is <0.9dB but insertion losses of 0.2dB are typical. The unfiattened double-pass forward superfluorescent source with 108.5mW pump power has an output power of <30mW, 44.2% of the quantum efficiency and a 3dB linewidth of 5.43nm. The equalised DPF SFS with 108.5mW pump power has an output <30mW, 44.85% of the quantum efficiency, a 3dB linewidth of 31.26mn with a small ~0.936dB ripple. The overall gain flattened spectral density is increased from 468.6μW/nm to 887.8?W/um in the lSSOnm region.
A superfluorescent fiber source (SFS) based on an Er 3+ -doped photonic crystal fiber (EDPCF) is reported. Owing to the temperature insensitivity of the EDPCF, we show that it is possible to improve the mean wavelength stability of an SFS. Using single-backward configuration, the EDPCF SFS mean wavelength variation at temperatures from −40°C to 60°C is less than 100 ppm, indicating that the thermal coefficient of the EDPCF is smaller than 1 ppm/°C and 3–6 times smaller than those of two conventional Er 3+ -doped fibers under the same experimental conditions. The best performance of the EDPCF-based SFS is obtained between 0°C and 60°C, at which the change in the mean wavelength is only 17.445 ppm.