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Optics Express

Linear dispersive effect on random lasing modes

Yong Liu, Jinsong Liu, Kejia Wang

Published Jun 27, 2011• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

A model, by combining Maxwell's equations with all-parameters of Sellmeier's fitting equations and four-level rate equations, is built to investigate linear dispersive effect on the property of random lasing modes. Computed results show that the first excited modes for both dispersive and non-dispersive scattering cases have almost the same resonant frequency but the spectral intensity for dispersive case is lower than that for non-dispersive case, and there exist more modes in the whole spectra for dispersive case. Further analysis demonstrates that threshold of random lasing in dispersive case is higher than that of the non-dispersive case.

DOI
10.1364/oe.19.013445

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Based on the time dependent theory of random lasers, which was established via combining Maxwell equations with the rate equations of a four-level atomic system, the output intensity of lasing modes varying with the pump rate and area as well as the medium's size and shape is simulated for two-dimensional random media by use of the finite difference time domain method. Results show that the pump-rate dependence of the output intensity presents not only a threshold property, but also a saturation property, just like that of the lasing modes in conventional lasers. Based on the dependence of mode property on the medium's and pump's parameters, the mode-selection approaches are proposed for two-dimensional random lasers, which are quite different from those performed in conventional lasers.
The pulsing random lasing from the Rh6G solution with TiO2 scattering particles is investigated by solving Maxwell’s equations and rate equations of electronic population simultaneously. The pumping rate is described by a time function with duration of tens or hundreds of femtoseconds. A one-dimensional (1D) dispersive model is proposed to explain the experiment results. The results indicate that although the dispersion in optical domain is relatively small, the random lasing depends strongly on the pumping process pumped by femtosecond-lasing pulses.
We simulate the transition from amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) to lasing in random systems with varying degrees of mode overlap. This is accomplished by solving the stochastic Maxwell-Bloch equations with the finite-difference time-domain method. Below lasing threshold, the continuous emission spectra are narrowed by frequency-dependent amplification. Our simulations reproduce the stochastic emission spikes in the spectra. Well-defined peaks, corresponding to the system resonances, emerge at higher pumping and are narrowed by stimulated emission before lasing takes place. Noise tends to distribute pump energy over many modes, resulting in multimode operation. Well above the lasing threshold, the effects of noise lessen and results become similar to those without noise. By comparing systems of different scattering strength, we find that weaker scattering extends the transition region from ASE to lasing, where the effects of noise are most significant.
Based on the time dependent theory of random lasers, which was built via combining Maxwell equations with the rate equations of a four-level atomic system, the output intensity of a lasing mode varying with the pumping rate is simulated for a two-dimensional random active medium by use of the finite difference time domain method. Results show that the pumping rate dependence of the output intensity presents not only a threshold property, but also a saturation property, just like that of lasing modes in conventional lasers. Charactering the mode's localization extent via the mode's area indicates that the stronger the mode's localization extent is, the lower the mode's threshold is. However, such a relation is not a one-to-one correspondence, meaning that the mode's localization extent is an important fact to determine the mode's threshold, but is not alone.
A model of random laser with semi-classical theory is presented.It couples Maxwell's equations with density matrix of excited atom in a disordered system.So Maxwell-Bloch equations for random laser are obtained.A finite-difference time-domain method is used to solve Maxwell-Bloch equations directly.We studied the pattern of field and localized modes of random laser.A critical pumping rate W~c_p exists for the appearance of the lasing peaks in random system.The number of lasing modes increases with the pumping rate and it is saturated finally.
We investigated several types of random lasing modes against frequency and the excitation of active medium. Random lasing occurring from multiple light scatterings and the interference effect of the scattered light has various complex lasing states in disordered structures, in which light waves are localized in various forms. Modes of random lasing are generally classified into localized, extended and transition modes based on their localization types. Numerical methods are used for analysing such complex phenomena. In this paper, a finite-element method is used to investigate the relationship among lasing modes, frequency and population inversion density of active medium for random lasing. Light amplification defined as the ratio of radiative powers between excited and non-excited states of the active medium is computed by changing both the frequency and the population inversion density of the active medium, which is modelled by the negative imaginary part of relative permittivity. The distributions of random lasing modes is strongly influenced by the lasing frequency. We also found that the localized modes that are strongly confined lasing modes in disordered structures do not appear in the frequency ranges in which mean free paths are approximately equal to the half-wavelength.