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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Anharmonic vibration of ionic crystal and increasing absorption optical bistability

Fa Ou, Tingwan Wu, Wenhua He

Published Oct 28, 1992• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present herein an approach to the interaction of coherent light with the anharmonic lattice vibration of ionic crystal and give a mechanism for increasing absorption optical bistability.
DOI
10.1117/12.130450

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This paper presents an approach to the intracavity interaction of electromagnetic waves with anharmonic lattice vibrations of ionic crystals. The nonlinear lattice dynamics and an expression for the nonlinear polarization are derived in terms of optical phonon modes. In the rotating-wave approximation the total coherent Hamiltonian of the system is derived. Using the corresponding equation of steady states, the increasing absorption optical bistability (IAOB), as a nonlinear effect, is demonstrated. The results show that optical nonlinearities due to the interaction of photons with various elementary excitations of bosonic type such as phonons and excitons may be the origin of IAOB, which is consistent with our previous works.
Some results of probing to the common properties, including bistability, transient behavior, and instability of the excitonic optical nonlinear dynamic systems, such as interaction of light field with carrier in semiconductor, or anharmonic vibration of lattice in ionic crystal, are presented. Since the excitonic optical bistability (EOB) was found, it has garnered much attention for its advantage in properties and application prospects. Some models have been proposed for different kinds of OB. However, so far as we know, there has been relatively less concern given to the common dynamic characteristics of these systems, which are significant for applications. On the other hand, the instability of the EOB device certainly has the same importance, the study for which is not ample yet. In this paper we study the increasing absorptive OB, the behaviors of responding to inject signal, also the self-pulsing and chaotic phenomena in the excitonic OB systems.
An exciton-phonon mechanism for producing cavityless optical bistability is suggested. We consider the influence of the oscillating subsystem of a crystal on the absorption process of a laser wave in the region of exciton frequencies. It is shown that exciton-phonon interaction leads to nonlinear dependence of the absorption coefficient on the density of the exciton gas. The increase of absorption with increasing exciton density, however, is possible only in the frequency region on the long-wavelength tail of the exiton band. As a result, the exciton density of the crystal becomes a hysteresis function of external parameters (intensity of the incident wave, temperature, etc.). We calculate the absorption coefficient of excitons and define the frequency and temperature regions where optical bistability may exist. We analyze different relaxation mechanisms of excitons and explain the experimental results of observing optical bistability in different semiconductor crystals.