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International Journal of Theoretical Physics

Cascaded Multi-Level Linear-Optical Quantum Router

Chang-Cheng Qu, Lan Zhou, Yu‐Bo Sheng

Published Jan 29, 2015• 6 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10773-015-2539-9

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The router is a key element for a network. We describe a scheme to realize genuine quantum routing of single-photon pulses based on cascading of conditional quantum gates in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and report a proof-of-principle experiment for its demonstration using linear optics quantum gates. The polarization of the control photon routes in a coherent way the path of the signal photon while preserving the qubit state of the signal photon represented by its polarization. We demonstrate quantum nature of this router by showing entanglement generated between the initially unentangled control and signal photons, and confirm that the qubit state of the signal photon is well preserved by the router through quantum process tomography.
Quantum router is an essential element in the quantum network. Here, we present a fully quantum router based on interaction free measurement and quantum dots. The signal photonic qubit can be routed to different output ports according to one control electronic qubit. Besides, our scheme is an interferometric method capable of routing single photons carrying either spin angular momentum (SAM) or orbital angular momentum (OAM), or simultaneously carrying SAM and OAM. Then we describe a cascaded multi-level quantum router to construct a one-to-many quantum router. Subsequently we analyze the success probability by using a tunable controlled phase gate. The implementation issues are also discussed to show that this scheme is feasible.
In this paper, we propose a linear optical implementation scheme of the quantum router. A programming unit is designed. The quantum router makes use of devices which are experimentally realized easily. The signal can be routed into a superposition of output modes through the routing operation, and the spatial degree of freedom of each output mode is related to the control parameter. In addition, the strategy of multistage routing is also exploited on the basis of this router model, and it can exponentially expand the number of output ports. The quantum router is deterministic, rather than probabilistic, no matter how many output ports the quantum router has.