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Physical Review A

Intracavity coupled-active-resonator-induced dispersion

Yannick Dumeige, Stéphane Trebaol, Patrice Féron

Published Jan 30, 2009• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have proposed and experimentally demonstrated tunable cavity-linewidth narrowing by means of coupled-active-resonator-induced dispersion. We have theoretically studied the coupling-resonator-induced-dispersion phenomenon in the general case of $N$ coupled resonators and especially the case of two or three resonators. In the case of two resonators we have experimentally shown that the strong dispersion induced by the coupling of resonators can lead to cavity ringdown effect enhancement. In the case of three resonators, we propose a coupling scheme allowing the quality $(Q)$ factor of a critically coupled resonator to be increased and actively modulated by using two additional coupled resonators. We have experimentally tested the feasibility of the proposition by using a model system consisting of ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$-doped fiber coupled resonators. These experimental results demonstrate the possibility of $Q$-factor tailoring by the use of active artificial photonic media.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.79.013832

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We have proposed and experimentally demonstrated tunable cavity-linewidth narrowing by means of coupled-active-resonator-induced dispersion. We have theoretically studied the coupling-resonator-induced-dispersion phenomenon in the general case of NNN coupled resonators and especially the case of two or three resonators. In the case of two resonators we have experimentally shown that the strong dispersion induced by the coupling of resonators can lead to cavity ringdown effect enhancement. In the case of three resonators, we propose a coupling scheme allowing the quality (Q)(Q)(Q) factor of a critically coupled resonator to be increased and actively modulated by using two additional coupled resonators. We have experimentally tested the feasibility of the proposition by using a model system consisting of Er3+{\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}Er3+-doped fiber coupled resonators. These experimental results demonstrate the possibility of QQQ-factor tailoring by the use of active artificial photonic media.
We study both theoretically and experimentally the dispersive properties of single or coupled active resonators. In the case of single resonator systems, we present a simple experimental protocol which allows us to obtain in detail its coupling regime and thus their dispersive properties. We show that the active coupled systems offer some degrees of freedom to tailor the high dispersion orders. All the propositions are experimentally tested using a model system made of Er 3 + doped fiber ring resonators. These artificial media could be used as tunable or amplifying compact optical delay lines. We also show that the proposed experimental protocol can be applied to passive whispering gallery mode resonators.
We demonstrate experimentally coupled active-resonator-induced transparency in a fiber system. We show that the use of Er3+{\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}Er3+-doped fibers can compensate for the optical losses leading to a high transparency of the system. Using a Mach-Zehnder fiber interferometer, we measure the dispersion properties of our coupled active resonators under different pumping rates. We show that the active feature of the system allows us to engineer the different orders of its artificial dispersion. This experimental demonstration shows the potential of active coupled resonators for dispersion tailoring and slow-light applications.
We experimentally demonstrate cavity linewidth control by manipulating dispersion of the intracavity medium. By making use of the dramatic change of Kerr nonlinearity near electromagnetically induced transparency resonance in a three-level atomic system, the cavity transmission linewidth can be greatly modified. As the cavity input intensity increases, the cavity linewidth changes from below to above empty cavity linewidth, corresponding to subluminal and superluminal photon propagation in the cavity, respectively.
The phenomena of induced transparency, with the typical examples of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in atomic media and those based on coupled optical resonators, have attracted tremendous interest since their discoveries. Owing to the limitations of the involved physical elements, however, near-100\% transmissions were reported under highly demanding experimental conditions. With a structure of three linearly coupled optical resonators, an active one carrying optical gain and two passive ones simply with dissipation, we demonstrate that a transmitted light field can become completely transparent through the structure, which displays all properties similar to those of EIT. It is due to a destructive interference mechanism that totally eliminates the intracavity field in the dissipative resonator directly coupled to the transmitted field of any feasible power, when the coupling strength of two other resonators is tuned across a point determined by their associated gain and loss rates. This mechanism works for all possible coupling strengths of the dark resonator with the input field and its neighboring resonator, as well as for any available quality factor from its fabrication. The transparency window size and output field intensity can be freely adjusted by tuning two inter-cavity couplings of wide ranges, without modifying the built-in optical gain which can be just slightly stronger than the dissipation of the active resonator.
High-Q nanophotonic resonators are crucial for many applications in classical and quantum optical processing, communication, sensing, and more. We achieve ultra-high quality factors by preparing a highly transparent and strongly dispersive medium within a resonator, causing a reduction in the group velocity that leads to a nearly three order of magnitude increase in the quality factor. We implement this via spectral hole burning in erbium-doped thin-film lithium niobate microring resonators, and show Q-factors exceeding 10810^8108. Additionally, we show that the interplay between the spectrally narrowed resonance and the broader bare resonance produces a Fano lineshape, which we dynamically control via electro-optic tuning. Finally, we present a theoretical model for our experimentally observed resonator linewidths, which are not well-described by the standard Bloch equations. Our results show a dramatic reduction in the erbium dephasing rate under a strong optical drive, leading to much narrower linewidths than would otherwise be expected given the large circulating intensity in the resonator.
High-Q nanophotonic resonators are crucial for many applications in classical and quantum optical processing, communication, and sensing. We achieve ultra-high quality factors via a method previously limited to bulk systems, preparing a highly transparent and strongly dispersive medium within the resonator that causes a reduction in the group velocity and a corresponding increase in the quality factor. We implement this via spectral hole burning in erbium-doped thin-film lithium niobate microring resonators, and show Q-factors enhanced by nearly three orders of magnitude to exceed 108. Additionally, we show dynamic control of the resonances via electro-optic tuning. Finally, we present a theoretical model for our experimentally observed resonator linewidths, which are not well-described by the standard Bloch equations. Our results show a dramatic reduction in the erbium dephasing rate under a strong optical drive, leading to much narrower linewidths than would otherwise be expected given the large circulating intensity in the resonator. Light can be slowed to extreme degrees in engineered media, giving rise to unique behavior. Here, the authors show that slow light enables the formation of ultra-narrow tunable mirroring resonators, introducing a new paradigm for controlling optical responses on a photonic chip.