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Chinese Physics Letters

Producing and Distinguishing χ-Type Four-Qubit States in Flux Qubits

Gui-Long Gao, Fuquan Song, Shou-Sheng Huang, Yanwei Wang, Zhiqiang Fan, Yuan Xian-Zhang, Nian-Quan Jiang

Published Apr 1, 2012• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose an effective method to produce four-qubit χ-type entangled states by using flux qubits coupled to an LC circuit which acts as a quantum data bus (QDB). In our scheme, the interaction is mediated by the exchange of virtual rather than real photons because of the large detuning between flux qubits and QDB, and then QDB-induced loss can be effectively avoided. The experimental feasibility of the scheme is also presented.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/29/4/044214

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We propose an effective method to produce four-qubit χ-type entangled states by using flux qubits coupled to an LC circuit which acts as a quantum data bus (QDB). In our scheme, the interaction is mediated by the exchange of virtual rather than real photons because of the large detuning between flux qubits and QDB, and then QDB-induced loss can be effectively avoided. The experimental feasibility of the scheme is also presented.
We theoretically study the macroscopic quantum entanglement in superconducting flux qubits. A phase-coupling scheme is proposed to offer enough strength of interactions between qubits. It is shown that due to the two-qubit tunneling processes both the ground state and excited states of coupled two flux qubits can be Bell type states, maximally entangled, in experimentally accessible regimes. The parameter regimes for the Bell states are discussed in terms of external magnetic flux and Josephson coupling energies. We also investigate two types of genuine three-qubit entanglement, known as the Greenberger-Horne- Zeilinger(GHZ) and W states. While an excited state can be the W state, the GHZ state is formed at the ground state of the coupled three flux qubits. The GHZ and W states are shown to be robust against external flux fluctuations for feasible experimental realizations.
Josephson qubits without direct interaction can be effectively coupled by sequentially connecting them to an information bus: a current-biased large Josephson junction treated as an oscillator with adjustable frequency. The coupling between any qubit and the bus can be controlled by modulating the magnetic flux applied to that qubit. This tunable and selective coupling provides two-qubit entangled states for implementing elementary quantum logic operations, and for experimentally testing Bell's inequality.
After a brief review on superconducting qubits, we overview our recent studies on controllable couplings in superconducting flux qubits via a variable frequency (ac) magnetic flux. In particular: (i) we describe how to use a variable frequency magnetic flux to control the coupling between two inductively coupled flux qubits, (ii) Based on this approach, using a variable frequency controlled coupling, we present a proposal on how to achieve scalable quantum computing circuits with flux qubits. We also explain why superconducting qubits can be coupled and addressed as trapped ions, as well as describe how to utilize dressed states to couple and decouple qubits and the data bus.