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Optics Communications

Long-term storage of a soliton bit stream using phase-sensitive amplification: effects of soliton–soliton interactions and quantum noise

William L. Kath, Antonio Mecozzi, Prem Kumar, Christopher G. Goedde

Published Dec 1, 1998• 16 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0030-4018(98)00515-x

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Long-term storage of a soliton bit stream using phase-sensitive amplification

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Recently we have shown that stable soliton-like pulse propagation over ultra-long distances is possible in a nonlinear fiber line in which linear loss is balanced by periodic phase-sensitive (parametric) amplification.1 In such a line the length scale over which pulse evolution occurs is significantly increased beyond a soliton period because of the attenuation of phase variations across the pulse’s profile by the amplifiers. Here we examine the effects of quantum noise in the context of a storage ring for a bit stream of soliton-like pulses. We show that the one’s (soliton pulses) are asymptotically stable and the noise on the zero’s of the bit stream (absence of a soliton) is bounded. Moreover, we present evidence that the soliton-soliton interaction and Raman self-frequency shift are efficiently suppressed by the phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSA’s). The effects of direct timing noise and cubic dispersion in the fiber could also be decreased by using a pulsed pump (gain modulation) for the PSA’s.

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Soliton-Guided Quantum Information Processing

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Recently we have shown that stable soliton-like pulse propagation over ultra-long distances is possible in a nonlinear fiber line in which linear loss is balanced by periodic phase-sensitive (parametric) amplification.1 In such a line the length scale over which pulse evolution occurs is significantly increased beyond a soliton period because of the attenuation of phase variations across the pulse’s profile by the amplifiers. Here we examine the effects of quantum noise in the context of a storage ring for a bit stream of soliton-like pulses. We show that the one’s (soliton pulses) are asymptotically stable and the noise on the zero’s of the bit stream (absence of a soliton) is bounded. Moreover, we present evidence that the soliton-soliton interaction and Raman self-frequency shift are efficiently suppressed by the phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSA’s). The effects of direct timing noise and cubic dispersion in the fiber could also be decreased by using a pulsed pump (gain modulation) for the PSA’s.
When Gauss pulse streams run in the fiber,the power loss induces the increase of fiber temperature,which is thermo-refractive noise.The thermo-refractive noise influences the runtime of optical solitons in the detection of gravitational redshift by optical solitons storage rings.Based on 1-dimension(1-D)thermal conduction equation,the authors calculate the upper limit of the fluctuation of the fiber temperature.The relation between the upper limit of the total runtime and the bit rate of the stream is deduced too.According to this relation,one can choose an appropriate bit rate of pulse stream in term of runtime variance and the sensitivity required by the measurements.It avails to design a measurement by using pulse streams involving optical solitons in storage rings.And it also gives a reference for the detection of gravitational redshift by optical solitons storage rings.
We study the possibility of employing phase-sensitive parametric amplifiers to compensate for losses incurred by solitons propagating in optical fibers. As phase-sensitive amplification is free from the excess spontaneous noise associated with laser amplifiers, the only quantum noise source in such a system arises from the fiber losses. In addition, under phase-sensitive amplification, fluctuations in the soliton frequency are squeezed to one half of the vacuum level, thus producing a negligible contribution to the fluctuations in the soliton arrival time. This greatly reduces the Gordon–Haus jitter of the solitons. The performance of the phase-sensitive amplifier is compared with that of alternative noise-reduction schemes employing phase-insensitive amplifiers and spectral filters as well as with the limits on long-distance data transmission imposed by quantum mechanics.