A photon quantization volume is defined, an intrinsic physical geometrical property of a single photon state, showing that photons are not point particles and constitute a particular case in the standard particle model. Based on the quantized vector potential amplitude a photon wave function is established satisfying Schrödinger’s equation and normalized with respect to the quantization volume. The single photon electric and magnetic fields in vacuum are calculated independently on any external cavity parameter and they are proportional to the square of the frequency. The electromagnetic vacuum derives straightforward from the photon vector potential function and has both classical and quantum representations. The photon wave function is directly related to the electromagnetic vacuum states setting the fundamentals for understanding entanglement.
A photon quantization volume is defined, an intrinsic physical geometrical property of a single photon state, showing that photons are not point particles and constitute a particular case in the standard particle model. Based on the quantized vector potential amplitude a photon wave function is established satisfying Schrödinger’s equation and normalized with respect to the quantization volume. The single photon electric and magnetic fields in vacuum are calculated independently on any external cavity parameter and they are proportional to the square of the frequency. The electromagnetic vacuum derives straightforward from the photon vector potential function and has both classical and quantum representations. The photon wave function is directly related to the electromagnetic vacuum states setting the fundamentals for understanding entanglement.