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International Symposium on Information Science and Engineering

A Quantum Secret Sharing Scheme with High Efficiency Based on Bell States

Kai Li, Liu Yuanyuan, He Kehai, Xiao-ying Huang

Published Dec 1, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

To improve the security of quantum cryptography protocol and reduce its cost, this paper presented a new means after analyzing the process of the detection of eavesdropping, and offered a quantum secret sharing protocol to argue for it. Players employed the travel particles carrying secret messages to detect eavesdropping, and leaked nothing about secret messages. Investigation shows that players can make the quantum cryptography protocol not only with theoretic efficiency of 100%, but also secure in case of none checking particles made for detection of eavesdropping only.

DOI
10.1109/isise.2012.100

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To improve the security of quantum cryptography protocol and reduce its cost, this paper presented a new means after analyzing the process of the detection of eavesdropping, and offered a quantum secret sharing protocol to argue for it. Players employed the travel particles carrying secret messages to detect eavesdropping, and leaked nothing about secret messages. Investigation shows that players can make the quantum cryptography protocol not only with theoretic efficiency of 100%, but also secure in case of none checking particles made for detection of eavesdropping only.
To improve the efficiency of quantum secret sharing, a protocol share the message directly among the users was proposed. The scheme made full use of entanglement swapping of Bell states and local operations. For detection of eavesdropping, the EPR pairs were divided into two parts: the checking parts and the encoding parts. After insuring the security of the quantum channel by measuring the checking particles in conjugate bases, the sender encoded her bits via the local unitary operations on the encoding parts. Investigation shows that the protocol is secure and two Bell states can be used to share two bits message.
Quantum secret sharing is a fundamental technique in quantum cryptography. However, in practical quantum networks, it still faces several bottlenecks, such as high quantum communication cost and low transmission efficiency. To reduce the communication cost, ramp quantum secret sharing schemes have been proposed in existing studies. Nevertheless, intermediate sets in such schemes may leak partial information about the secret. To address this problem, this paper presents a method for detecting intermediate sets. Based on this method, we further propose a communication-efficient perfect quantum secret sharing scheme with eavesdropping detection capability.We analyze the communication cost under different numbers of participating parties and determine the range of participants that minimizes the reconstruction communication cost. The results verify the communication efficiency and security of the proposed scheme.
A quantum secret sharing scheme is proposed by making use of quantum registers. In the proposed scheme, secret message state is encoded into multipartite entangled states. Several identical multi-particle entanglement states are generated and each particle of the entanglement state is filled in different quantum registers which act as shares of the secret message. Two modes, i.e. the detecting mode and the message mode, are employed so that the eavesdropping can be detected easily and the secret message may be recovered. The security analysis shows that the proposed scheme is secure against eavesdropping of eavesdropper and cheating of participants.
Multi-party quantum secret sharing scheme with high efficient based on entanglement states is proposed and analyzed. A three-party which is presented shares a sequence of joint key bits. In this scheme, a general proof of the security against eavesdropping for three-party quantum secret sharing based on entanglement swapping is provided. The scheme which is showed is secure against a dishonest participant's intercept-and-resend attack and eavesdropper's entangle auxiliary-particles attack. In case of eavesdropping attacks with full information again, the detection bit needs to be transmitted except those for detection, the total efficiency of the scheme approaches to 100%. The protocol can be generalized to N-party system by using N-partite entanglement states.