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Physical Review A

Reverse energy pooling in a K-Na mixture

G. De Filippo, S. Guldberg-Kjær, Slobodan Milošević, Jens Olaf Pepke Pedersen, M. Allegrini

Published Jan 1, 1998• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report experimental rate coefficients for the reverse heteronuclear energy-pooling collisions $\mathrm{K}(5D)+\mathrm{Na}(3S)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{K}(4P)+\mathrm{Na}(3P)$ and $\mathrm{K}(7S)+\mathrm{Na}(3S)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{K}(4P)+\mathrm{Na}(3P)$ at thermal energies. Both reactions are exothermic and very high rates were observed showing that reverse exothermic energy-pooling is an order of magnitude more efficient than the corresponding forward endothermic energy-pooling reactions. This is in accordance with the general behavior of the exothermic and endothermic energy-pooling rate coefficients in alkali-metal atoms. In the experiment the potassium atoms were excited in two steps to either the $5D$ or $7S$ state via the $4P$ level using two broadband cw dye lasers. A double-modulation technique has been used to select the fluorescence contributions at the $\mathrm{Na}{(3P}_{J})$ exit channels due only to the above reactions. The ground-state sodium and potassium atom densities were measured by the absorption of lines from a K-Na hollow-cathode lamp. The measured densities and fluorescence intensities have been used to obtain absolute reverse energy-pooling rate coefficients. The contribution to the rate coefficients from other processes are discussed.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.57.255

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Chinese Physics Letters•Oct 1, 2004•2 citations
We report experimental rate coefficients for the reverse heteronuclear energy-pooling collisions K(5D)+Na(3S)\ensuremath→K(4P)+Na(3P)\mathrm{K}(5D)+\mathrm{Na}(3S)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{K}(4P)+\mathrm{Na}(3P)K(5D)+Na(3S)\ensuremath→K(4P)+Na(3P) and K(7S)+Na(3S)\ensuremath→K(4P)+Na(3P)\mathrm{K}(7S)+\mathrm{Na}(3S)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{K}(4P)+\mathrm{Na}(3P)K(7S)+Na(3S)\ensuremath→K(4P)+Na(3P) at thermal energies. Both reactions are exothermic and very high rates were observed showing that reverse exothermic energy-pooling is an order of magnitude more efficient than the corresponding forward endothermic energy-pooling reactions. This is in accordance with the general behavior of the exothermic and endothermic energy-pooling rate coefficients in alkali-metal atoms. In the experiment the potassium atoms were excited in two steps to either the 5D5D5D or 7S7S7S state via the 4P4P4P level using two broadband cw dye lasers. A double-modulation technique has been used to select the fluorescence contributions at the Na(3PJ)\mathrm{Na}{(3P}_{J})Na(3PJ​) exit channels due only to the above reactions. The ground-state sodium and potassium atom densities were measured by the absorption of lines from a K-Na hollow-cathode lamp. The measured densities and fluorescence intensities have been used to obtain absolute reverse energy-pooling rate coefficients. The contribution to the rate coefficients from other processes are discussed.
The observation of a heteronuclear reverse energy pooling process [Rb(7D)+Na(3S)→Rb(5P)+Na(3P)] is reported. The dye-laser beam populated the Rb(7D) state by a stepwise excitation process. A double-modulation technique has been used to select the fluorescence contribution at the Na(3P_J)exit channels due only to the above reactions. The ground-state sodium atom density is obtained by measuring the wing absorption coefficient. The measured density and fluorescence intensities have been used to obtain reverse energy-pooling rate coefficients. The contribution to the rate coefficients from other processes is discussed.
The observation of a heteronuclear reverse energy pooling process is reported. The cross sections for the collision processes Rb(7D)+Na(3S)→Rb(5P)+Na(3P) have been measured. In the experiment the rubidium atoms were excited in two steps to the 7D(subscript 3/2) state. A double-modulation technique has been used to select the fluorescence contributions at the Na(3P(subscript j)) exit channels due only to the above reactions. The ground state sodium atom density was measured by the absorption of line from a Na hollow-cathode lamp. The measured density and fluorescence intensities have been used to obtain reverse energy pooling rate coefficients. The contribution to the rate coefficients from other processes is discussed.
Using two steps excitation of the cesium 8D atomic level in a cesium-potassium vapor mixture, we observed the reverse heteronuclear energy-pooling collision Cs(8D)+K(4S) →Cs(5D)+K(4P) at thermal energy. A double-modulation technique has been used to select the fluorescence contributions at the K(4PJ) exit channels due only to the above reactions. The ground state potassium atom density was measured by the absorption of line from a K hollow-cathode lamp. The measured density and fluorescence intensities have been used to obtain reverse energy-pooling rate coefficients. The contribution to the rate coefficients from other processes is discussed.
The observation of a heteronuclear reverse energy pooling process is reported. The cross sections for the collision processes Rb(7 D )+Na(3 S )→Rb(5 P )+Na(3 P ) have been measured. In the experiment the rubidium atoms were excited in two steps to the 7 D _ 3/2 state. A double-modulation technique has been used to select the fluorescence contributions at the Na(3 P_j ) exit channels due only to the above reactions. The ground state sodium atom density was measured by the absorption of line from a Na hollow-cathode lamp. The measured density and fluorescence intensities have been used to obtain reverse energy pooling rate coefficients. The contribution to the rate coefficients from other processes is discussed.
We report the observation of a heteronuclear reverse energy pooling process Cs(9 D )+Na(3 S )→Cs(6 P )+Na(3 P ). The state is populated in a stepwise excitation process by a dye-laser beam. A double-modulation technique is used to select the fluorescence contribution at the Na(3 P J ) exit channels only due to the above reaction. The ground-state sodium atom density was obtained by measuring the wing absorption coefficient. The measured density and fluorescence intensities are used to obtain the reverse energy-pooling rate coefficient. The cross section related to the rate coefficient is (4.3±1.4) × 10 −14 cm 2 .