IEEE EUROCON - International Conference on Computer as a Tool (EUROCON)

Statistical characterization of a single-photon source based on stimulated FWM in optical fibers

N. A. Silva, A. J. Almeida, Armando N. Pinto

Published Apr 1, 2011• 1 citation

Abstract

We report on the theoretical statistical characterization of a single-photon source based on the stimulated four-wave mixing process inside an optical fiber. We quantify the photon statistics by means of the expectation number of photons generated on the signal and idler waves, 〈Ňs〉 and 〈Ňi〉 respectively, and Mandel's Qsand Qiparameters. The obtained solutions take into account the spontaneous and stimulated Raman contributions for the generation of the idler wave. Results show that the idler wave generated inside the fiber follows a super-Poissonian statistics. Findings also show that the signal wave change their own statistics from a Poissonian to a super-Poissonian, due to the interaction with the pump field and the optical fiber.

DOI: 10.1109/eurocon.2011.5929324

Related papers

Experimental characterization of the photon statistics of four-wave mixing photon source

Álvaro J. Almeida, Nuno A. Silva, Paulo Sérgio de Brito André +1 more

We discuss the statistics of Poissonian and thermal sources, and verify that as an approximation to a single-photon source, both Poissonian and thermal sources can be used, when the average number of photons per pulse is of the order of 0.1. An experimental characterization of the photon statistics of a single-photon source obtained from the four-wave mixing (FWM) process in optical fibers is presented. We employ an on/off avalanche photodetector operating in the Geiger mode, and use the maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) method and the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm to reconstruct the data. We find that the statistics of the source goes from thermal, at a low signal power regime, to Poissonian, in a high signal power regime.

European Conference on Networks and Optical CommunicationsJun 1, 20120 citations

Interference in a Quantum Channel Due to Classical Four-Wave Mixing in Optical Fibers

Nuno A. Silva, Álvaro J. Almeida, Armando N. Pinto

The second-order coherence function for idler photons generated through stimulated four-wave mixing (FWM) is theoretically derived, considering both spontaneous and stimulated Raman contributions. Two distinct cases and two different power regimes are analyzed. First, we consider that the idler wave is fully generated inside the fiber. In a second scenario, we admit that at the fiber input there exist a quantum channel and idler photons will be created at that frequency through the combined processes of FWM and Raman scattering. Results show that for the first case, in a low power regime, the idler photons follow a thermal statistics. In a moderate power regime, the statistics of the generated idler wave presents a Poissonian distribution. Results also show that in the second case, in a low power regime, the statistics of the input quantum channel goes from a Poissonian statistics at the fiber input to a thermal statistics at the fiber output. Findings show that in a moderate power regime, the quantum channel maintains its Poissonian distribution through fiber propagation.

IEEE Journal of Quantum ElectronicsJan 31, 201210 citations

Photon statistics of pulse-pumped four-wave mixing in fiber with weak signal injection

Nannan Liu, Yuhong Liu, Jiamin Li +1 more

We study the photon statistics of pulse-pumped four-wave mixing in fibers with weak coherent signal injection by measuring the intensity correlation functions of individual signal and idler fields. The experimental results show that the intensity correlation function of individual signal (idler) field decreases with the intensity of signal injection. After applying narrow band filter in signal (idler) band, the value of decreases from 1.9 ± 0.02 (1.9 ± 0.02) to 1.03 ± 0.02 (1.05 ± 0.02) when the intensity of signal injection varies from 0 to 120 photons/pulse. The results indicate that the photon statistics changes from Bose–Einstein distribution to Poisson distribution. We calculate the intensity correlation functions by using the multi-mode theory of four-wave mixing in fibers. The theoretical curves well fit the experimental results. Our investigation will be useful for mitigating the crosstalk between quantum and classical channels in a dense wavelength division multiplexing network.

Chinese Physics BJul 1, 20161 citation

Photon statistics of pulse-pumped four-wave mixing in fiber with weak signal injection

刘楠楠, 刘宇宏, 李嘉敏 +1 more

We study the photon statistics of pulse-pumped four-wave mixing in fibers with weak coherent signal injection by measuring the intensity correlation functions of individual signal and idler fields. The experimental results show that the intensity correlation function of individual signal（idler） field gs（i）2 decreases with the intensity of signal injection. After applying narrow band filter in signal（idler） band, the value of gs（i）2 decreases from 1.9 ± 0.02（1.9 ± 0.02） to 1.03 ± 0.02（1.05 ± 0.02） when the intensity of signal injection varies from 0 to 120 photons/pulse. The results indicate that the photon statistics changes from Bose–Einstein distribution to Poisson distribution. We calculate the intensity correlation functions by using the multi-mode theory of four-wave mixing in fibers. The theoretical curves well fit the experimental results.Our investigation will be useful for mitigating the crosstalk between quantum and classical channels in a dense wavelength division multiplexing network.

中国物理B：英文版Jan 1, 20160 citations

Characterization of a fiber-based source of heralded single photons

Lei Yang, Xiaoxin Ma, Xueshi Guo +2 more

Starting from the derived expression of the Bogoliubov transformation for a broadband pulsed pump, we theoretically characterize the heralded single-photon source, which is based on the signal and idler photon pairs produced in optical fiber via spontaneous four-wave mixing by a pulsed pump. The second-order intensity correlation function, heralding efficiency, indistinguishability, and brightness of the heralded single photons as a function of source parameters, are analyzed and discussed. The validity of the theoretical analysis and calculations are confirmed by the experimental results. The investigations are useful for optimizing the source parameters and for developing a single-photon source suitable for quantum-information processing.

Physical Review AMay 27, 201132 citations

True Single-Photon Stimulated Four-Wave Mixing

Shuai Dong, Xin Yao, Wei Zhang +5 more

Single-photon stimulated four-wave mixing (StFWM) is an important nonlinear optical phenomenon at the single-photon level. In this process, signal and idler photons are stimulated by seeded single photons when two pump photons are annihilated. The generated photons are correlated with each other, and more importantly, one of them is in the same mode with the seeded photons. Hence, StFWM has great potential to realize complex functions of photonic quantum information processing, such as quantum state manipulation and quantum cloning. In this paper, we provide the first experimental demonstration of single-photon StFWM in a piece of optical fiber. By using heralded single photons as the seeded photons, a true single-photon StFWM process is realized at the telecom band. It is confirmed by time-resolved four-photon coincidence measurement and variation of four-photon coincidence counts under different seed–pump delays. According to the experiment results, the potential performance of a quantum cloning machine based on this process is estimated.

ACS PhotonicsMar 25, 201712 citations