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Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials

0π PULSE SHAPE IN THE SHARP LINE LIMIT CASE

M. Matusovsky, Boris Vaynberg, M. Rosenbluh

Published Jul 1, 1996• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We observe the propagation and the reshaping of low intensity (zero area) 60 fs pulses through high density atomic Cs vapor. The breakup of the pulses is measured for both resonant excitation of the Cs atoms and for laser detunings such that the atomic resonance frequency is in the wings of the pulse spectrum. The theory of 0π pulse propagation, in the extreme sharp-line limit, is extended to include both resonant and off resonant excitation. Good agreement is demonstrated between the observations and the theoretical predictions.

DOI
10.1142/s0218863596000404

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We observe the propagation and the reshaping of low intensity (zero area) 60 fs pulses through high density atomic Cs vapor. The breakup of the pulses is measured for both resonant excitation of the Cs atoms and for laser detunings such that the atomic resonance frequency is in the wings of the pulse spectrum. The theory of 0π pulse propagation, in the extreme sharp-line limit, is extended to include both resonant and off resonant excitation. Good agreement is demonstrated between the observations and the theoretical predictions.
We observe the propagation and the reshaping of low-intensity (zero area) 60-fs pulses through high-density atomic Cs vapor. The breakup of the pulses is measured both for resonant excitation of the Cs atoms and for laser detunings such that the atomic resonance frequency is in the wings of the pulse spectrum. The theory of 0π pulse propagation in the extreme sharp-line limit is extended to include both resonant and off-resonant excitation. Good agreement is demonstrated between the observations and the theoretical predictions.
We investigate the areas of extremely short, intense (area ⩾π) resonant optical pulses on propagation through an inhomogeneously broadened atomic medium. Experimentally, there is no apparent change in the shape of such pulses on propagation, in contradiction to the area theorem. Here we show that, although the main part of the pulse is unchanged for short propagation distances (αl∼1), it is followed by a long weak tail formed by free induction decay from the excited atoms. The tail lengthens and oscillates on propagation through the medium and permits the area theorem to be obeyed. These oscillations, which depend critically on the Doppler broadening, are reflected in the spectral analysis of the propagated pulse. We also introduce another mechanism for pulse reshaping, which is a generalization of the McCall–Hahn pulse breakup and operates at long propagation lengths (αl≫1), where the number of absorbing atoms encountered by the pulse is comparable with the number of photons in the pulse.
Short pulses of narrow-line low-intensity dye-laser light nearly resonant with the Zeeman-split 2P12^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}2P21​​ resonance line (7948 \AA{}) of rubidium were observed to propagate through dilute rubidium vapor as slowly as (114)c(\frac{1}{14})c(141​)c. These slow pulse velocities showed that most of the energy in the propagating wave was contained by the vapor as coherent atomic excitation. The observed pulse velocities vp{v}_{p}vp​ are in good agreement with the equation ${v}_{p}=\frac{d\ensuremath{\omega}}{\mathrm{dk}}$ for the group velocity obtained from linear-dispersion theory. Also, the experimental results are quantitatively explained by adiabatic following, in which the pseudomoments of the atoms remain aligned along the effective field of the laser light. The adiabatic-following model allows for a direct comparison of our results with the work on self-induced transparency. For high-intensity light, adiabatic following predicts a nonlinear pulse velocity and the possibility of observing self-steepening.
The spectrum evolution of a few-cycle optical pulse in a resonant two-level atom medium is studied theoretically by using the full Maxwell-Bloch equations. On the propagating pulse, significantly much faster oscillation components separated with the main pulse appear due to strong self-phase modulation and pulse reshaping. In this case, ideal self-induced transparency cannot occur for a 2 pi pulse. The spectrum of the 4 pi pulse shows an evident oscillatory feature because of the continuum interference of the separate pulses. For larger pulse areas, continuum generation from near ultraviolet to infrared occurs.