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International Conference on Quantum Information

Quantifying the strength of optical communication devices using entanglement measures

Nathan Killoran, Norbert Lütkenhaus

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The quantum nature of an optical device can be verified using benchmarks based on entanglement verification. Without requiring additional resources, we show how to rigourously extend such benchmarks to quantify how well devices preserve entanglement.
DOI
10.1364/icqi.2011.qtug6

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Quantum communication devices, such as quantum repeaters, quantum memories, or quantum channels, are unavoidably exposed to imperfections. However, the presence of imperfections can be tolerated, as long as we can verify that such devices retain their quantum advantages. Benchmarks based on witnessing entanglement have proven useful for verifying the true quantum nature of these devices. The next challenge is to characterize how strongly a device is within the quantum domain. We present a method, based on entanglement measures and rigorous state truncation, which allows us to characterize the degree of quantumness of optical devices. This method serves as a quantitative extension to a large class of previously known quantum benchmarks, requiring no additional information beyond what is already used for the nonquantitative benchmarks.
In this thesis, we develop a number of operational tests and tools for benchmarking the quantum nature of optical quantum communication devices. Using the laws of quantum physics, ideal quantum devices can fundamentally outperform their classical counterparts, or even achieve objectives which are classically impossible. Actual devices will not be ideal, but they may still be capable of facilitating quantum communication. Benchmarking tests, based on the presence of entanglement, can be used to verify whether or not imperfect quantum devices offer any advantage over their classical analogs. The general goal in this thesis is to provide strong benchmarking tools which simultaneously require minimal experimental resources but also offer a wide range of applicability. Another major component is the extension of existing qualitative benchmarks (`Is it quantum or classical?') to more quantitative forms (`How quantum is it?'). We provide a number of benchmarking results applicable to two main situations, namely discrete remote state preparation protocols and continuous-variable quantum device testing. The theoretical tools derived throughout this thesis are also applied to the tasks of certifying a remote state preparation experiment and a continuous-variable quantum memory.
Quantum communication relies on optical implementations of channels, memories, and repeaters. In the absence of perfect devices, a minimum requirement on real-world devices is that they preserve quantum correlations, meaning that they have some throughput of a quantum-mechanical nature. Previous work has verified throughput in optical devices while using minimal resources. We extend this approach to the quantitative regime. Our method is illustrated in a setting where the input consists of two coherent states while the output is measured by two homodyne measurement settings.