The two-branch spectrum of excitations of the Bose-condensate

Vladimir Sergeevich Yarunin, L. Siurakshina

Chen Liang, Kong Wei, B. J. Ye +3 more

The elementary excitation spectrum of a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate is obtained by Green’s function method. It is found to have two branches. In the long-wave limit, the two branches of the excitation spectrum are reduced to one phonon excitation and one single-particle excitation. With the obtained excitation spectrum and the Green’s functions, the depletion of the condensate and the ground state energy have also been calculated in this paper.

P. D�rre

Yufeng Han, Liang Chen, Houtong Liu +1 more

The elementary excitation spectrum of a two-component Bose—Einstein condensate in different hyperfine states is obtained by Green's function method. It is found to have two branches. In the long wave-length limit, the two branches of the excitation spectrum are reduced to one phonon excitation and one single-particle excitation. The single-particle one has an energy gap. When the energy gap exists, we study the Landau critical velocity and the depletion of the condensate. With the obtained Green's functions, we calculate the structure factor of a two-component condensate. It is found that the static structure factor comprises only the branch of the phonon excitation and the single-particle excitation makes no contribution to the structure factor.

X. P. Liu

The excitation spectrum for symmetric two-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BECs) in optical lattices is obtained, with emphasis on its quantitative dependence on intercomponent interaction parameter. The resulting two branches of the excitation spectrum have a linear spectrum asymptotically in the low momentum limit, which is expected as a behavior of superfluid. The critical superfluid velocity, depending on the intercomponent interaction parameter, is then obtained, which is quite different from the result obtained in other reference. A requirement of real excitation spectrum also results in a condition on the interaction parameters, which coincides with the phase separation condition. Hence in real spectrum excitation, it is proposed that there should be two branches of superfluid with different critical superfluid velocities, while in the complex spectrum it is predicted that there should be phase separation in the two-branch superfluid system. The excitation spectrum for an asymmetric two-component BEC system is also presented and analyzed.

R. J. Dodd, Martin Edwards, Charles W. Clark +2 more