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Microwave and Optical Technology Letters

Photorefractive fourier image amplification for low-light-level image detection

G. C. Gilbreath, John F. Reintjes

Published Jun 20, 1996• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this article we demonstrate viable photorefractive image amplification in BaTiO3 at extremely low light levels. Uniform image amplification was observed over a range of intensity levels for different beam ratios. The technique is shown to be robust against beam fanning, the primary source of noise in multibeam photorefractive interactions in ferroelectric crystals. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

DOI
10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19960620)12:3<119::aid-mop1>3.0.co;2-k

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In this article we demonstrate viable photorefractive image amplification in BaTiO3 at extremely low light levels. Uniform image amplification was observed over a range of intensity levels for different beam ratios. The technique is shown to be robust against beam fanning, the primary source of noise in multibeam photorefractive interactions in ferroelectric crystals. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
We propose and experimentally demonstrate two original methods for suppressing the beam fanning noise of photorefractive amplifiers. The first one involves two wave mixing in a slowly rotating crystal, while the second requires to tilt the crystal with respect to the recording beams. This method applies to materials which exhibit a sharp resonance of the gain versus the pump-probe beam angle. With both methods a large improvement of the S/N ratio is achieved and virtually noise free image amplifiers are demonstrated. In Bi12SiO20, subpicowatt optical signals are detected and amplified. By using combinations of LiNbO3/Bi12SiO20, as storage and amplification crystals respectively a long term readout (more than 20 hours) of a photorefractive memory is achieved.
Optical bistability and switching are of great interest in the rapidly and developing field of photonics. Devices that display this behavior could potentially play a major role in the development of optical communication systems and computing. In this article we present experimental results concerning the optical bistability in ferroelectric of photorefractive BaTiO3 crystal. Two laser beams were used to interact with the photorefractive crystal which resulted in the bistability of the intensity of transmitted wave. This was achieved without the application of any optical resonator. High contrast optical bistability is found experimentally in the pump-ratio dependence of the output intensity.
The buildup and the decay of photorefractive two-beam coupling are experimentally demonstrated to be strongly dependent on the intensity ratio of the two beams (signal-to-pump ratio). The experiment, done with a BaTiO3 crystal, shows good agreement with the theory of two-beam coupling in the depleted-pump regime. The deviation of the response behavior from the small-signal regime is seen for ratios as small as ∼10−5. These results are significant for applications of two-beam coupling as gain media, especially for the elimination of amplified noise (fanning).