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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Coherent effects during propagation of ultrashort light pulses in a medium under two-photon interaction conditions

I A Poluéktov, Yurii M Popov, V S Roĭtberg

Published Jun 30, 1975• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An analysis is made of the evolution of high-power laser pulses in the case of coherent two-photon interaction with resonant media. It is shown that pulses of frequencies ω 0 and ω s satisfying the equalit ω 0 ±ω 0 =ω 21 (ω 21 is the resonance frequency of the medium) experience splitting into separate subpulses followed by a reduction in their duration and increase in their power. The efficiency of this process depends on the initial ratio of the amplitudes E 0 and E s . It is shown that such effects can be observed in paramagnetic acoustic resonance.

DOI
10.1070/qe1975v005n06abeh011294

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An analysis is made of the evolution of high-power laser pulses in the case of coherent two-photon interaction with resonant media. It is shown that pulses of frequencies ω 0 and ω s satisfying the equalit ω 0 ±ω 0 =ω 21 (ω 21 is the resonance frequency of the medium) experience splitting into separate subpulses followed by a reduction in their duration and increase in their power. The efficiency of this process depends on the initial ratio of the amplitudes E 0 and E s . It is shown that such effects can be observed in paramagnetic acoustic resonance.
A theoretical investigation is made of collinear propagation of high-power optical pulses through a medium under conditions of two-photon resonance ω 0 ± ω s ≈ ω 21 ( ω 0 and ω s are the pulse frequencies, ω 21 is the frequency of an atomic transition in the medium). It is assumed that the condition for coherent interaction τ 0 , τ s < T 2 is satisfied ( τ 0 and τ s are the pulse durations at the entrance, T 2 is the phase relaxation time of the medium). By means of numerical integration of equations for the fields and the medium, it is shown that efficient generation of the harmonics ω 1 = 2 ω 0 ± ω s , ω 2 = 2 ω s ± ω 0 is possible under short and ultrashort pulse conditions.
A numerical investigation is made of third harmonic generation (THG) under conditions of two-photon resonance between the fundamental frequency and a selected transition in the atoms of a medium. It is shown that under conditions of coherent interaction between the pump pulse and the medium, a THG efficiency of ∼20% or higher may be achieved. In this case, THG in the form of high-power ultrashort pulses may be obtained. It is shown that experimental observation of similar effects in specific media should not present particular difficulties.
A study is made of the evolution of ultrashort pulses of interrogation and generated fields, traveling across a medium after a pump pulse under two-photon resonance conditions. It is shown that, in spite of the absence of overlap of the pulses in space and time, the generated wave becomes phase-locked. The area theorem is obtained for the process in question. It is found that at large distances the second pulse should give rise to a subpulse of the interrogation field and a proportional subpulse whose area tends to zero or to 2π. This conclusion about the formation of subpulses and their limiting areas applies also in the two-photon interaction case. A report is given of an estimate of the threshold intensities of an interrogation pulse in cesium and sodium vapors. The maximum conversion efficiency is found as a function of the pump energy, parameters of the investigated medium, and frequencies of the interacting fields. It is shown that an overall conversion efficiency close to 100% can be obtained when the intensities of the pump and interrogation fields are within the capabilities of the currently available lasers.
A numerical analysis is made of the frequency dependence of the evolution of the envelopes and energy loss of short optical pulses propagating under two-photon resonance conditions. It is established that for pulses with an initial energy situated in the range 2 π ( m +1)> θ o >2 π m , there are m intervals of resonance-frequency detunings within which the pulse evolution differs qualitatively. It is shown that a quasimultistage frequency dependence of the energy loss for a fixed length of medium may serve as a test for the coherence of the resonant interaction.