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International Journal of Quantum Information

DETERMINISTIC GENERATION OF INDISTINGUISHABLE SINGLE-PHOTON PULSES IN THE SINGLE-ATOM-CAVITY QED SYSTEM

Anahit L. Gogyan, S. Guérin, Hans Rudolf Jauslin, Yuri P. Malakyan

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a mechanism to produce indistinguishable single-photon pulses on demand from a single atom-optical cavity system. We use sequences of two laser pulses of alternate circular polarizations at the two Raman transitions of a four-level atom. They allow the production of the same cavity-mode photons without repumping of the atom between photon generations. Photons that are emitted from the cavity with near-unity efficiency in well-defined temporal modes, feature the same polarization, frequency and identical shapes, controlled by the laser fields. The second order correlation function reveals the single-photon nature of the proposed source. A realistic setup for the experimental implementation is presented.

DOI
10.1142/s0219749911007253

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We present a mechanism to produce indistinguishable single-photon pulses on demand from a single atom-optical cavity system. We use sequences of two laser pulses of alternate circular polarizations at the two Raman transitions of a four-level atom. They allow the production of the same cavity-mode photons without repumping of the atom between photon generations. Photons that are emitted from the cavity with near-unity efficiency in well-defined temporal modes, feature the same polarization, frequency and identical shapes, controlled by the laser fields. The second order correlation function reveals the single-photon nature of the proposed source. A realistic setup for the experimental implementation is presented.
We present a mechanism to produce indistinguishable single-photon pulses on demand from an optical cavity. The sequences of two laser pulses generate, at the two Raman transitions of a four-level atom, the same cavity-mode photons without repumping of the atom between photon generations. Photons are emitted from the cavity with near-unit efficiency in well-defined temporal modes of identical shapes controlled by the laser fields. The second-order correlation function reveals the single-photon nature of the proposed source. A realistic setup for the experimental implementation is presented.
We propose a mechanism for producing NNN-photon states on demand leaking from a single-mode optical cavity interacting with a single atom and a laser pulse. The number of photons can be chosen because it is determined by the Zeeman substructure of the ground state of the atom and its initial state. The deterministic generation of traveling light of $1\ensuremath{\le}n\ensuremath{\le}2F$ photons is achieved, when a circularly polarized laser pulse completely transfers the atomic population between Zeeman sublevels of the ground hyperfine state FFF through far-detuned Raman scattering, thus producing linearly polarized cavity photons. We describe analytically the evolution of optical field taking into account the spontaneous losses and the cavity damping. We analyze the photon statistics showing that it is close to Poissonian light. We show also that this technique provides a deterministic source of a train of identical multiphoton states with a definite number of photons if a sequence of left- and right-circularly polarized laser pulses is applied. The scheme expands the possibilities for using complex internal states of light to transmit data.
We propose a mechanism for producing Fock states on demand leaking from a single mode optical cavity interacting with a single atom and a laser pulse. The number of photons can be chosen, as it is determined by the Zeeman substructure of the ground state of the atom and its initial state. The deterministic generation of a free-propagating Fock state of 1≤n≤2F1\leq n\leq2F1≤n≤2F photons is achieved, when a circularly polarized laser pulse completely transfers the atomic population between Zeeman sublevels of the ground hyperfine state FFF through far-detuned Raman scattering thus producing linearly polarized cavity photons. We describe analytically the evolution of optical field taking into account the spontaneous losses and the cavity damping. We demonstrate the possibility of production of Fock-state with different numbers of photons by using different transitions of the same atom. We show also that this technique provides a deterministic source of a train of identical multiphoton Fock-states, if a sequence of left- and right-circularly polarized laser pulses is applied. The resulting states have potential applications in quantum computation and simulation.
Single-photons of well-defined polarization that are deterministically generated in a single spatio-temporal field mode are the key to the creation of multi-partite entangled states in photonic networks. Here, we present a novel scheme to produce such photons from a single atom in an optical cavity, by means of vacuum-stimulated Raman transitions between the Zeeman substates of a single hyperfine state. Upon each transition, a photon is emitted into the cavity, with a polarization that depends on the direction of the Raman process.
We describe a cavity-QED scheme to deterministically generate polarization entangled photon pairs by using a single atom successively coupled to two single longitudinal mode cavities presenting polarization degeneracy. The cavities are initially prepared either in the vacuum state or in a single photon Fock state for each orthogonal polarization. Sharing the same basic elements, the source can operate on different physical processes. For a V -type three-level atom initially prepared in the ground state two implementations of the source are possible using either: i) two truncated Rabi Oscillations, or ii) a counterintuitive Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage process. Although slower than the former implementation, this second one is very efficient and robust under fluctuations of the experimental parameters and, particularly interesting, almost insensitive to atomic decay. For a four-level atom in a diamond configuration initially prepared in the upper state, the source can produce entangled photon pairs even in the bad cavity limit via an adiabatic passage process. We have performed Monte Carlo wave function simulations to characterize these sources by means of: i) the success probability P of producing the desired entangled state, ii) the fidelity F in the reduced space of two emitted cavity photons, and iii) the S parameter of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality to quantify the entanglement capability.
Vacuum-stimulated Raman transitions are driven between two magnetic substates of a 87Rb atom strongly coupled to an optical cavity. A magnetic field lifts the degeneracy of these states, and the atom is alternately exposed to laser pulses of two different frequencies. This produces a stream of single photons with alternating circular polarization in a predetermined spatiotemporal mode. MHz repetition rates are possible as no recycling of the atom between photon generations is required. Photon indistinguishability is tested by time-resolved two-photon interference.