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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Demonstration of a white light interferometer using fast light

G. S. Pati, M. Messall, M. S. Shahriar

Published Feb 8, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper presents the first demonstration of a white-light-cavity in a free-space cavity. Design of a whitelight- cavity has been proposed using negative dispersion in an intra-cavity medium to make the cavity resonate over a large range of frequencies and still maintain a high cavity build-up. The negative dispersion of the intra-cavity medium is caused by bi-frequency Raman gain in an atomic vapor cell. A significantly broad cavity response over a bandwidth greater than 20 MHz has been observed.

DOI
10.1117/12.716464

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This paper presents the first demonstration of a white-light-cavity in a free-space cavity. Design of a whitelight- cavity has been proposed using negative dispersion in an intra-cavity medium to make the cavity resonate over a large range of frequencies and still maintain a high cavity build-up. The negative dispersion of the intra-cavity medium is caused by bi-frequency Raman gain in an atomic vapor cell. A significantly broad cavity response over a bandwidth greater than 20 MHz has been observed.
Recently, the design of a white-light cavity has been proposed using negative dispersion in an intracavity medium to make the cavity resonate over a large range of frequencies and still maintain a high cavity buildup. This Letter presents the first demonstration of this effect in a free-space cavity. The negative dispersion of the intracavity medium is caused by bifrequency Raman gain in an atomic vapor cell. A significantly broad cavity response over a bandwidth greater than 20 MHz has been observed. A key application of this device would be in enhancing the sensitivity-bandwidth product of the next generation gravitational wave detectors that make use of the so-called signal-recycling mirror.
We describe a concept to realize a broadband high finesse optical cavity (white light cavity) using low-loss negative dispersive media. Two atomic systems are discussed, which allow transparency and λ-compensation, i.e. the dispersion of the medium compensates the frequency dependence of the vacuum wavelength. These atomic systems are (i) the driven two-level system and (ii) two closely spaced gain lines. We explain why the second scheme should provide better performance in terms of the realization of a white light cavity.
White light cavities with broadband resonance are usually filled with negative dispersion medium, which inevitably leads to gain. In this article, pure passive white light cavities are designed, in which negative dispersion medium is no longer necessary. Theoretically, if the reflection phase of the cavity wall can exhibit a negative dispersion slope, then it can also satisfy white light cavities conditions without medium. In practice, the negative dispersion property of the cavity wall can be realized by two metal coatings with different reflection coefficients. Therefore, our white light cavities are composite cavities, in which the main cavity provides resonance while the auxiliary cavity forms the cavity wall, providing negative dispersion reflection phase. Further, atomic gas can be employed to improve the performance of the white light cavities. Atomic gas exploits effects such as Electromagnetic Induced Transparency (EIT), enabling the white light cavities to be controlled by coherent driving field. With the passive characters, our design can be realized and implemented much more easily.
We experimentally demonstrate that broad, tunable bandwidth of an optical ring cavity can be achieved by making use of the negative dispersion of the Kerr nonlinear refractive index in the three-level electromagnetically-induced transparency medium. For a given cavity field intensity, the white-light cavity condition can always be satisfied by choosing the appropriate coupling beam parameters. This white-light cavity scheme can be used effectively to achieve large buildup intensity in the signal-recycling cavity with a broad bandwidth in future advanced gravitational wave detectors.
We discuss bandwidth enhancement of a cavity without reducing its maximum intensity buildup in a regime where the light propagation dynamics is crucial. The enhancement relies on a frequency-dependent phase compensation via negative dispersion provided by a coherently prepared atomic medium in the cavity. We analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics in such a white-light cavity with a full simulation of the field propagation. We find that the probe field dispersion is in addition changed by a coherent field which is generated within the medium via four-wave mixing. Counterintuitively, this in-medium dynamics leads to a further enhancement of the cavity bandwidth.