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Optics Communications

Spontaneous parametric down-conversion for an arbitrary monochromatic pump beam

Ole Steuernagel, HERSCHEL A. RABITZ

Published Sep 1, 1998• 7 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0030-4018(98)00319-8

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The understanding of the spatiotemporal structure of the spectrum is of importance for all applications where entanglement in energy is the relevant degree of freedom and allows optimizing the spectrum for specific applications. Here, we consider spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) induced by an undepleted monochromatic pump beam of angular frequency ωρwith a transverse field distribution εp+(qp), which propagates along the z-axis of a periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP) crystal. The pump photon (p) is down-converted into the idler (i) and signal (s) photon with frequency ω;= ωρ- ωsand ωs, respectively.
Abstract The theory of third-order spontaneous parametric down-conversion (TOSPDC) in a ring waveguide microcavity is developed. Analytical expressions for the rate of photon triplet emission are presented for both the monochromatic-pump and pulsed-pump regimes. In the latter case, rising exponential pulses are considered as optimal ones for the cavity excitation. It is demonstrated by numerical simulations that a silicon-nitride based ring microcavity can be a promising system for developing narrowband sources of photon triplets based on TOSPDC.
Spectral properties of entangled photons generated via type-I frequency-nondegenerate spontaneous parametric down-conversion are studied theoretically and experimentally. For monochromatic pumping, the joint spectral intensity function for the photon pair is found to be symmetric even though each photon has a different central wavelength. The single-photon (first-order) interference shows the familiar triangular interferogram, usually associated with the cw-pumped frequency-degenerate type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion. For broadband (ultrafast) pumping, on the other hand, the joint spectral intensity function is shown to be asymmetric, similar to the case of ultrafast-pumped frequency-degenerate type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion. The spectral studies reported here are expected to play an important role in developing ultrabright two-color entangled photon sources.