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Microelectronic Engineering

Microwave applications of Josephson junction diode and triode

Kazuo Fujisawa, Takeshi Kobayashi, Sadamu Kita

Published Oct 1, 1984• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0167-9317(84)90064-9

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IEEE Transactions on Magnetics•Mar 1, 1985•3 citations
Abstract The Josephson junction is an oscillator driven by constant current. Therefore, the integrated device of the weak‐link type Josephson junction for detecting electromagnetic waves using the junction as a local oscillator can be considered. The superconducting device proposed by Likharev based on this concept is the Josephson triode consisting of three Josephson junctions. This paper describes the analysis of the Josephson triode which is the superconducting device for the heterodyne detection. First, the static characteristics are analyzed by use of the equivalent circuit and the fundamental equations. The necessary conditions for the normal resistances are derived. It is shown by numerical analysis that the millimeter wave heterodyne detection characteristics of the triode are identical with the theory and experiment for a tunnel junction. Moreover, the results analyzed numerically can be explained by analytical considerations and the simplified equivalent circuit of the Josephson triode is derived. The relations between the intermediate frequency output power and the local oscillator power are represented analytically via the simplified equivalent circuit of the triode.
The superconducting diode effect (SDE) is a phenomenon that has attracted significant attention for its potential to establish new Josephson junction (JJ) physics and its application as a rectifier in Josephson circuits. While many experimental platforms for SDE have been reported, only a few demonstrate high efficiency. One promising system is a JJ coherently coupled with a second JJ embedded in a superconducting loop, where SDE is controllable in direction via the phase difference. Here we study SDE in such devices under microwave irradiation. With the appearance of Shapiro steps, SDE efficiency increases as the microwave power is raised. Additionally, a finite voltage difference appears without any direct bias current at high microwave powers. These results are explained by the dynamics of the JJ's washboard potential, which are common to all SDE systems. Our findings enhance the understanding of SDE dynamics and expand their potential applications.
New effects of quasiparticle injection on microwave irradiated Josephson triodes are demonstrated. The device comprises Pb-insulator (Nb2O5)-Nb SIS junction with direct contact of the Nb film to n+-GaAs gate substrate. In this device, the very thin Nb film (300 - 600 Å) as a base electrode of the SIS detector also serves as an acceptor of the quasiparticles injected from GaAs - Nb Sehottky barrier. The emphasis was placed on injections of hot quasiparticles with the energy in excess of 0.5 eV. The zeroth step height of microwave (10 GHz) irradiated Josephson current Iowas efficiently modulated by a sufficiently low density quasiparticle injection current Iinj(1 - 2 A/cm2), though no sign of change was found in the superconductive gap parameter and the Josephson critical current itself. These characteristic features became less pronounced as the energy of injected quasiparticles was lowered below 50 meV. Though the present experiment is in a preliminary stage, a current amplification (dIo/dIinj) of higher than two has been attained on a test specimen.