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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

On the possibility of laser-assisted production and detection of low-energy neutrino beams

Jeff W. Eerkens

Published Oct 1, 2013• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The possible production and detection of collimated beams of low-energy sub-keV neutrinos with the assistance of lasers is examined. For a neodymium laser, the relative probability that recoiling co- or counter-propagating neutrino-antineutrino pairs are created in stimulated emission events instead of photons is calculated to be about 10-7. The effect generates a coherent monochromatic neutrino beam that overlaps the internal standing-wave photon beam, exiting at both ends of the laser. To detect such (anti)neutrino beams without the help of absorption, one can exploit (anti)neutrino-stimulated deexcitations of lasing levels in a second laser aligned with the first, whose lasable transitions are resonant with the undulation frequency of the (anti)neutrinos.

DOI
10.1117/12.2021117

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The possible production and detection of collimated beams of low-energy sub-keV neutrinos with the assistance of lasers is examined. For a neodymium laser, the relative probability that recoiling co- or counter-propagating neutrino-antineutrino pairs are created in stimulated emission events instead of photons is calculated to be about 10-7. The effect generates a coherent monochromatic neutrino beam that overlaps the internal standing-wave photon beam, exiting at both ends of the laser. To detect such (anti)neutrino beams without the help of absorption, one can exploit (anti)neutrino-stimulated deexcitations of lasing levels in a second laser aligned with the first, whose lasable transitions are resonant with the undulation frequency of the (anti)neutrinos.
Seminal experiments are discussed to prove or disprove the possibility of producing and detecting collimated coherent beams of low-energy neutrinos with the assistance of lasers. Expressions are given for the relative probability that a laser-beam-aligned co- or counter-propagating neutrino-antineutrino pair is emitted instead of a laser photon, during stimulated de-excitations of lasable excited states inside a lasing medium. For a neodymium laser this probability is approximately 10 −7 . To detect coherent beams of epithermal neutrinos and antineutrinos emitted from a pulsed high-power laser, it is anticipated that resonant non-absorptive stimulated de-excitations of lasing levels by neutrinos can be exploited to register their fly-through in a second near-threshold laser.
We discuss a possibility of detecting a coherent photon pair emission and related radiative neutrino pair emission from excited atoms. It is shown that atoms of lambda- and ladder-type three level system placed in a pencil-like cylinder give a back to back emission of two photons of equal energy Δ/2Δ/2Δ/2, sharply peaked with a width $\propto $ 1/(target size) and well collimated along the cylinder axis. This process has a measurable rate ∝\propto∝ (target number density) 2×^2 \times2× target volume, while a broader spectral feature of one-photon distribution separated by (mass sum of a neutrino pair)2/(2Δ)^2/(2Δ)2/(2Δ) from the two photon peak may arise from radiative neutrino pair emission, with a much smaller rate.
The possibility of a stimulated emission device, analogous to the laser, which can generate radiation at gammaray wavelengths is examined. Lacking reflectors, its operation would consist of multiplication during single passage of photon avalanches initiated by spontaneous emission. The required high concentration of excited states may be obtainable in many nuclides by radiochemical procedures. The maximum possible resonant cross section exceeds ordinary absorption by several orders of magnitude. Only a fraction of the resonant cross-section can be effective, because of line-broadening interactions with the nuclear environment. Singular effects in solids (optical branch excitation, localization of lattice disturbance, or Bragg-angle effects) are suggested that may allow operation at a recoil-displaced energy without population inversion, as alternatives to the Mossbauer effect. An experimental technique for directly measuring the stimulated-emission cross-section by detection of a coherent component in the total radiation is described in some detail. It is concluded that the question of gammamaser feasibility can be conclusively answered only by experiment. (auth)
SPAN (Spectroscopy of Atomic Neutrino) project aims to determine the absolute neutrino mass. The process we plan to use is a cooperative de-excitation of atoms in a metastable level emitting a neutrino pair associated with a photon. The photon energy spectrum of this process contains information on the absolute mass of neutrino. Key items of this experiment are a rate amplification using macro-coherence in a target medium in case of plural particles emission and an external triggering of the emission in order to scan the spectrum. We have demonstrated the rate amplification in two-photon emission from para-hydrogen gas which was coherently excited to its first vibrationally excited state. The coherence in the medium was generated by irradiating two driving laser pulses. The emission was stimulated by irradiating a mid-infrared laser pulse. The enhancement factor of more than 10 18 with respect to the spontaneous emission was achieved. This paper briefly summarizes the results.
Superradiance emerges from collective spontaneous emission in optically pumped gases, and is characterized by photon emission enhancements of up to 1/4N^{2} in an N atom system. The gain mechanism derives from correlations developed within the decay medium rather than from stimulated emission as in lasing, so an analog of this process should be possible for fermionic final states. We introduce here the concept of superradiant neutrino emission from a radioactive Bose Einstein condensate, which can form the basis for a superradiant neutrino laser. A plausible experimental realization based on a condensate of electron-capture isotope ^{83}Rb could exhibit effective radioactive decay rates accelerated from 86.2 days to minutes in viably sized rubidium condensates of 10^{6} atoms.