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Nuclear Physics B

Finite-size effects in theories with factorizable S-matrices

Michael Lässig, Marcio Jose Martins

Published May 1, 1991• 24 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0550-3213(91)90371-4

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Nonrelativistic factorizable scattering theory and the Calogero-Sutherland model

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We solve the SU(N)-invariant Yang-Baxter equations imposing only the unitarity condition. The usual S matrices should satisfy the crossing symmetry which originates from the CPT invariance of relativistic quantum-field theory. In this paper, we consider nonrelativistic SU(N)-invariant factorizable S matrices by relaxing the crossing symmetry and making the amplitudes for creating and annihilating new particles vanish and find that these S matrices are exactly the same as those of the multicomponent Calogero-Sutherland model, the quantum-mechanical model with the hyperbolic potential between particles and antiparticles. This particular solution is of interest since it cannot be obtained as a nonrelativistic limit of any known relativistic solutions of the SU(N)-invariant Yang-Baxter equations. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

arXiv:hep-th/9501023•Physical Review A•Dec 1, 1996•1 citation
A (1+1)-dimensional quantum field theory with a degenerate vacuum (in finite volume) can contain particles, known as kinks, which interpolate between different vacua and have non-trivial restrictions on their multi-particle Hilbert space. Assuming such a theory to be integrable, we show how to calculate the multi-kink energy levels in finite volume given its factorizable S-matrix. In massive theories this can be done exactly up to contributions due to off-shell and tunneling effects that fall off exponentially with volume. As a first application we compare our analytical predictions for the kink scattering theories conjectured to describe the sub-leading thermal and magnetic perturbations of the tricritical Ising model with numerical results from the truncated conformal space approach. In particular, for the sub-leading magnetic perturbation our results allow us to decide between the two different S-matrices proposed by Smirnov and Zamolodchikov.
We present an efficient algorithm for computing the permanent for matrices of size N that can written as a product of L block diagonal matrices with blocks of size at most 2. For fixed L, the time and space resources scale linearly in N, with a prefactor that scales exponentially in L. This class of matrices contains banded matrices with banded inverse. We show that such a factorization into a product of block diagonal matrices gives rise to a circuit acting on a Hilbert space with a tensor product structure and that the permanent is equal to the transition amplitude of this circuit and a product basis state. In this correspondence, a block diagonal matrix gives rise to one layer of the circuit, where each block to a gate acting either on a single tensor component or on two adjacent tensor components. This observation allows us to adopt matrix product states, a computational method from condensed matter physics and quantum information theory used to simulate quantum systems, to evaluate the transition amplitude.
We solve the SU(N)-invariant Yang-Baxter equations imposing only the unitarity condition. The usual S matrices should satisfy the crossing symmetry which originates from the CPT invariance of relativistic quantum-field theory. In this paper, we consider nonrelativistic SU(N)-invariant factorizable S matrices by relaxing the crossing symmetry and making the amplitudes for creating and annihilating new particles vanish and find that these S matrices are exactly the same as those of the multicomponent Calogero-Sutherland model, the quantum-mechanical model with the hyperbolic potential between particles and antiparticles. This particular solution is of interest since it cannot be obtained as a nonrelativistic limit of any known relativistic solutions of the SU(N)-invariant Yang-Baxter equations. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.