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Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General

Moment problem quantization within a generalized scalet-Wigner (auto-scaling) transform representation

Carlos R. Handy, D Khan, S Okbagabir, T Yarahmad

Published Jan 29, 2003• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

For one-dimensional Schrödinger quantum systems, the correlation expression S ( x , τ, a ) ≡ Ψ*( x − τ/2/ a )Ψ( x + τ/2) satisfies a fourth-order linear differential equation with regard to x . This generalizes the result previously derived by Handy (2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 L271), and Handy and Wang (2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 8297), with regard to S ( x , 0, 1). We are then able to incorporate this within a generalized Wigner transform representation, through the use of scalets (Handy C R and Brooks H A 2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 3577). Energy quantization is achieved through a moment problem positivity analysis (focusing on the moments of the probability density, ∣Ψ∣ 2 ) at a = 1, τ = 0. The wavefunction, Ψ, is then generated through a multiscale analysis proceeding from the unity scale, extended into the zero scale limit. The power moments, μ p = ∫ d x x p Ψ( x ), can be generated through a similar procedure. We present the general formalism and apply it to the (i x ) 3 potential.

DOI
10.1088/0305-4470/36/6/308

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For one-dimensional Schrödinger quantum systems, the correlation expression S ( x , τ, a ) ≡ Ψ*( x − τ/2/ a )Ψ( x + τ/2) satisfies a fourth-order linear differential equation with regard to x . This generalizes the result previously derived by Handy (2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 L271), and Handy and Wang (2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 8297), with regard to S ( x , 0, 1). We are then able to incorporate this within a generalized Wigner transform representation, through the use of scalets (Handy C R and Brooks H A 2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 3577). Energy quantization is achieved through a moment problem positivity analysis (focusing on the moments of the probability density, ∣Ψ∣ 2 ) at a = 1, τ = 0. The wavefunction, Ψ, is then generated through a multiscale analysis proceeding from the unity scale, extended into the zero scale limit. The power moments, μ p = ∫ d x x p Ψ( x ), can be generated through a similar procedure. We present the general formalism and apply it to the (i x ) 3 potential.
In this work we reconstruct Quantum Mechanical wave functions for some confining potentials, using the moment-wavelet method of Handy and Murenzi. This method consists in transforming the Schrodinger equation into an equivalent continuous wavelet transform (CWT) representation involving scaled and translated moments, µ1/ α,b (p)=∫χpe-Q\\( Ψ(x +b), where ϐ -Q becomes the mother wavelet. The discrete bound states are determined through a multiscale process involving the integration of a finite number of coupled linear first order differential equation in the moments µ1/ α,b (p). The underlying initial value problem depends on moment quantization methods to determine the infinite scale (a = ∞) moments and energy. Using this method we calculate the energies and wavefunctions for the first two quantum states of quartic and dectic anharmonic oscillator potentials, V(x) = mχ2 + gχ4, V(χ) = χ 2+χ10 respectively.
Wavelet transform theory is an efficient multiscale formalism for analysing local structures. This philosophy, when incorporated within quantum mechanics, demands that there be a naturally corresponding, localized quantization theory, in contrast to the variational formalisms in the literature. Through the recently established equivalency formalism between moment quantization theory and continuous wavelet transform theory (Handy C R and Murenzi R 1998 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 31 9897 and Handy C R and Murenzi R 1999 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 32 8111), we argue that a new quantization prescription can be defined in which the kinetic energy term is set to zero at the (complex) turning points (or turning hypersurfaces). We establish this, both for one- and two-dimensional systems, and clarify the relevancy of multiscale wavelet analysis in this quantization process.
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Over the last decade, Handy and Bessis have developed a moment-problem-based, multiscale quantization theory, the eigenvalue moment method (EMM), which has proven effective in solving singular, strongly coupled, multidimensional Schr\"odinger Hamiltonians. We extend the scope of EMM by demonstrating its essential role in the generation of wavelet transforms for one-dimensional quantum systems. Combining this with the function-wavelet reconstruction formulas currently available, we are able to recover the wave function systematically, from first principles, through a multiscale process proceeding from large spatial scales to smaller ones. This accomplishment also addresses another outstanding problem, that of reconstructing a function from its moments. For the class of problems considered, the combined EMM-wavelet analysis yields a definitive solution. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
A consistent scheme is proposed for quantizing the potential amplitude in the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation in the case of negative energies (lying in the discrete-spectrum domain). The properties of the eigenfunctions ϕ n ( x ) and eigenvalues α n corresponding to zero, small, and large absolute values of energy E < 0 are analyzed. Expansion in the set ϕ n ( x ) is used to develop a regular perturbation theory (for E < 0), and a general expression is found for the Green function associated with the time-independent Schrödinger equation. A similar method is used to solve several physical problems: the polarizability of a weakly bound quantum-mechanical system, the two-center problem, and the tunneling of slow particles through a potential barrier (or over a potential well). In particular, it is shown that the transmission coefficient for slow particles is anomalously large (on the order of unity) in the case of an attractive potential is characterized by certain critical values of well depth. The proposed approach is advantageous in that it does not require the use of continuum states.
In this chapter, we will develop methods for mapping operator equations to equivalent c-number equations. This results in a continuous phase-space representation of a many-body quantum system, using phase-space distributions instead of density matrices. In order to do this, we will first find c-number representations of operators. We have already seen one such representation, the Glauber–Sudarshan P -representation for the density matrix. We now introduce several more such representations. The main focus will be on the truncated Wigner representation, valid at large photon number, and the positive P -representation, which uses a double-dimensional phase space and exists as a positive probability for all quantum density matrices. Phase-space techniques have a great advantage over conventional matrix-type solutions to the Schrödinger equation, in that they do not have an exponential growth in complexity with mode and particle number. Instead, the equations that describe the dynamics of these c-number representations of the density matrix are Fokker–Planck equations. These have equivalent stochastic differential equations, which behave as c-number analogs of Heisenberg-picture equations of motion. This means that problems that would be essentially impossible to solve using conventional number-state representations can be transformed into readily soluble differential equations. In many cases, no additional approximations, such as perturbation theory or factorization assumptions, are needed.