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Physical Review A

Reversing entanglement change by a weak measurement

Qingqing Sun, M. Al-Amri, L. Davidovich, Muhammad Suhail Zubairy

Published Nov 19, 2010• 163 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Entanglement of a system changes due to interactions with the environment. A typical type of interaction is amplitude damping. If we add a detector to monitor the environment and only select the no-damping outcome, this amplitude damping is modified into a weak measurement. Here we show that the entanglement change of a two-qubit state due to amplitude damping or weak measurement can be probabilistically reversed. For the amplitude-damping case, the entanglement partially recovers under most conditions. For the weak-measurement case, the recovery of the initial entangled state is exact. The reversal procedure involves another weak measurement, preceded and followed by bit flips applied to both qubits. We propose a linear optics scheme for the experimental demonstration of these procedures.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.82.052323

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Entanglement of a system changes due to interactions with the environment. A typical type of interaction is amplitude damping. If we add a detector to monitor the environment and only select the no-damping outcome, this amplitude damping is modified into a weak measurement. Here we show that the entanglement change of a two-qubit state due to amplitude damping or weak measurement can be probabilistically reversed. For the amplitude-damping case, the entanglement partially recovers under most conditions. For the weak-measurement case, the recovery of the initial entangled state is exact. The reversal procedure involves another weak measurement, preceded and followed by bit flips applied to both qubits. We propose a linear optics scheme for the experimental demonstration of these procedures.
Entanglement protection from noisy environments is an essential task in practical quantum information and communication. In this paper, we investigate the entanglement recovery of an amplitude-damped tripartite GHZ state by a weak-measurement reversal procedure. In particular, we emphasize the key importance of the inequivalency of probability amplitudes of the tripartite system under the recovery technique. We explore the maximal and non-maximal tripartite entangled state scenarios under amplitude damping noise in the absence and presence of weak measurement reversal procedures. Importantly, the non-maximal entangled state turns out to be a good choice for the entanglement recovery via weak-measurement reversal procedure.
Quantum entanglement is a critical resource for quantum information and quantum computation. However, entanglement of a quantum system is subjected to change due to the interaction with the environment. One typical result of the interaction is the amplitude damping that usually results in the reduction of the entanglement. Here we propose a protocol to protect quantum entanglement from the amplitude damping by applying Hadamard and CNOT gates. As opposed to some recently studied methods, the scheme presented here does not require weak measurement in the reversal process, leading to a faster recovery of entanglement. We propose a possible experimental implementation based on linear optical system.
Quantum entanglement is a critical resource for quantum information and quantum computation. However, entanglement of a quantum system is subjected to change due to the interaction with the environment. One typical result of the interaction is the amplitude damping that usually results in the reduction of the entanglement. Here we propose a protocol to protect quantum entanglement from the amplitude damping by applying Hadamard and CNOT gates. As opposed to some recently studied methods, the scheme presented here does not require weak measurement in the reversal process, leading to a faster recovery of entanglement. We propose a possible experimental implementation based on linear optical system.
Abstract Based on the quantum technique of environment-assisted measurement and reversal (EMR), we propose a scheme to restore the entanglement from amplitude damping decoherence. In particular, we examine two typical families of initially entangled qubit–qutrit states and derive the exact analytical expressions of the optimal final restoration, showing explicitly that the EMR does indeed can recovery qubit–qutrit entanglement. This sheds new light on the protection of high-dimensional quantum entanglement in complex quantum environment.
We investigate the entanglement protection of a hybrid qubit–qutrit system under amplitude damping decoherence by employing weak measurement and reversal. We examine two typical families of initially entangled qubit–qutrit states (i.e. one-parameter and two-parameter qubit–qutrit states). We find that the qubit–qutrit entanglement decays monotonically as the decoherence strength increases, and may go through a sudden death for some initial states. However, we can completely defeat amplitude damping decoherence and recover the initial entanglement perfectly for any initial states by means of the combination of prior weak measurement and subsequent optimal weak measurement reversal. The only price that we have to pay is the very low success probability.
Based on the quantum technique of the weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal (WMR), we propose a scheme to protect entanglement for an entangled two-qubit pure state from four typical quantum noise channels with memory, i.e., the amplitude damping channel, the phase damping channel, the bit flip channel, and the depolarizing channel. For a given initial state | ψ 〉 = a| 00 〉 + d| 11 〉, it is found that the WMR operation indeed helps to protect entanglement from the above four quantum channels with memory, and the protection effect of WMR scheme is better when the coefficient a is small. For the other initial state | ϕ 〉 = b| 01 〉 + c| 10 〉, the effect of the protection scheme is the same regardless of the coefficient b and the WMR operation can protect entanglement in the amplitude damping channel with memory. Moreover, the protection of entanglement in quantum noise channels without memory in contrast to the results of the channels with memory is more effective. For | ψ 〉 or | ϕ 〉, we also find that the memory parameters play a significant role in the suppression of entanglement sudden death and the initial entanglement can be drastically amplified. Another more important result is that the relationship between the concurrence, the memory parameter, the weak measurement strength, and quantum measurement reversal strength is found through calculation and discussion. It provides a strong basis for the system to maintain maximum entanglement in the nosie channel.