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Physical Review A

Changing the relative amplitudes of wave packets to induce nonlocal effects

Luiz Carlos Ryff

Published Jan 1, 1995• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Three experiments are discussed in which nonlocal effects can be induced by changing the relative amplitudes of wave packets. Unlike previous experiments, in which nonlocal effects were induced by means of polarizers or phase shifters, in the proposed experiments nonlocal effects can be induced by means of variable beam splitters.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.51.79

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A variant of a Franson's two-photon correlation experiment is discussed, in which the linear polarization state of one of the photons depends on the path followed in the interferometer. It is shown that although the path difference is greater than the coherence length, the photon can be found in a polarization state represented by the superposition of the polarization states associated to the paths when there is coincident detection. Since the photons, produced via parametric down-conversion, are fairly well localized in space and time, the situation in which one of the photons is detected before the other can reach the interferometer raises an intriguing point: it seems that in some cases the second photon would have to be described by two wave packets simultaneously. Unlike previous experiments, in which nonlocal effects were induced by means of polarizers of phase shifters, in the proposed experiment nonlocal effects can be induced by means of variable absorbers.
In this paper,the propagation nature of the wave packet was discussed through the Green's function under three common potential fields.We had discovered some valuable conclusions.Firstly,when the wave packet of free particle varied with the time,the wave packet center of gravity moved by a speed 0/μ, but when the wave packet amplitude changed from the initial δ to the final δt,the Position variable r still deferred to the Gaussian distribution. Secondly,the wave packet amplitude in a homogeneous field changed by a power series with relative to the initial time.Finally,in simple harmonics oscillator potential field,the momentum mean value in random time is precisely the momentum form of classical simple harmonics oscillator.
We describe an experiment where the phase and amplitude of the interference pattern of light going through an interferometer was varied by doing operations on quantum-correlated light that did not go through the interferometer. This was accomplished by sending a pair of polarization-entangled photons in separate directions, one to an interferometer and the other one to a phase shifter, in principle in a remote location. The interferometer was set up to put the state of the pair in a superposition of maximally entangled states. The phase shifter inserted a phase between the product-state components that made up each entangled state. Polarizers located before the detectors projected the quantum state of the light. As a result, the phase and amplitude of the interference pattern were varied by changing the settings of the phase shifter and polarizer in the path of the photon in the remote location.