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Optics Communications

Large spectral shifts of stimulated hyper-Raman scattering: predictions and observations in Xe

W. R. Garrett, Roger C. Hart, Joel C. Miller, M. G. Payne, James E. Wray

Published Nov 1, 1991• 13 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0030-4018(91)90561-q

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Experimental investigations of two-photon enhanced stimulated hyper-Raman and parametric four-wave-mixing emissions are described for tuning unfocused laser beams near two-photon resonance with 3D and 4D states in sodium vapor. Over wide ranges of vapor pressures, path lengths, and laser power densities, the gains for stimulated hyper-Raman (SHR) scattering and for parametric four-wave mixing (PFWM) can become very greatly reduced from values expected from simple considerations. The suppression of gain can arise from interferences produced at two-photon and three-photon resonances, and from ac Stark shifts produced by internally generated near-resonant fields. Quantitative comparisons are made between observed and theoretically predicted values for SHR and PFWM production. Of 12 predicted consequences of the interferences and Stark shifting on the nonlinear behavior, ten are demonstrated through the experiments.

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The stimulated hyper-Raman scattering (SHRS) emissions associated with the excitation of the 4P 3/2 state in sodium vapour have been observed in both the forward and backward directions as the pumping laser was tuned near the 3S-4D two-photon resonance. The results show that though the forward SHRS process is greatly reduced by a destructive interference between it and the four-wave mixing (FWM) process induced by itself, the forward SHRS emission has a positive gain and can still be observed under a certain condition.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Oct 28, 1994•9 citations
When a principal atomic transition (dipole allowed from the ground state) is driven by odd- multi-photon excitation or by stimulated hyper-Raman scattering, a nonlinear multi-wave mixing field is generated at the transition frequency. A number of dramatic effects on such odd-photon mediated processes can ensue as a result of the internally generated wave-mixing fields. Excellent agreement between theory and experimental studies in Xe and in metal vapors is illustrated for a number of predicted effects including: suppression and strong shifting of resonance lines and hyper-Raman emissions under single and multi-laser excitation. We illustrate the dependence of the interference-related effects on pressure, oscillator strength, wavelength combination and relative propagation directions of pump laser beams. Contrary to most other nonlinear effects, we show that none of the features (in the semi-classical regime) depends on the intensity of the driving laser field.
Experimental investigations of two-photon enhanced stimulated hyper-Raman and parametric four-wave-mixing emissions are described for tuning unfocused laser beams near two-photon resonance with 3D and 4D states in sodium vapor. Over wide ranges of vapor pressures, path lengths, and laser power densities, the gains for stimulated hyper-Raman (SHR) scattering and for parametric four-wave mixing (PFWM) can become very greatly reduced from values expected from simple considerations. The suppression of gain can arise from interferences produced at two-photon and three-photon resonances, and from ac Stark shifts produced by internally generated near-resonant fields. Quantitative comparisons are made between observed and theoretically predicted values for SHR and PFWM production. Of 12 predicted consequences of the interferences and Stark shifting on the nonlinear behavior, ten are demonstrated through the experiments.
The stimulated hyper-Raman scattering (SHRS) emissions associated with the excitation of the 4P 3/2 state in sodium vapour have been observed in both the forward and backward directions as the pumping laser was tuned near the 3S-4D two-photon resonance. The results show that though the forward SHRS process is greatly reduced by a destructive interference between it and the four-wave mixing (FWM) process induced by itself, the forward SHRS emission has a positive gain and can still be observed under a certain condition.