The partition function of the Ising model with $N$ spins, written as a functional integral, is approximated by replacing the field ${\ensuremath{\psi}}_{l}$ at the lattice site $l$ by the root-mean-square value of these fields, and evaluating the integral by a saddle-point method. A phase transition, whose mechanism is mathematically similar to that of the spherical model, is predicted at a temperature lower than the Weiss critical temperature. After parametrizing the mean-square field, one may apply a general variational principle to choose the parameters which minimize the difference between the approximate free energy and the exact Ising-model free energy. This optimum choice leads to the Horwitz-Callen theory.The partition function of the Ising model with $N$ spins, written as a functional integral, is approximated by replacing the field ${\ensuremath{\psi}}_{l}$ at the lattice site $l$ by the root-mean-square value of these fields, and evaluating the integral by a saddle-point method. A phase transition, whose mechanism is mathematically similar to that of the spherical model, is predicted at a temperature lower than the Weiss critical temperature. After parametrizing the mean-square field, one may apply a general variational principle to choose the parameters which minimize the difference between the approximate free energy and the exact Ising-model free energy. This optimum choice leads to the Horwitz-Callen theory.

Physical ReviewMay 31, 19652 citations

SERIES EXPANSIONS FOR THE SPHERICAL AND ISING MODELS WITH LARGE LATTICE DIMENSIONALITY

S. MILOŠEVIj, Eugene Stanley

The spherical model can be regarded either as an exactly-soluble approximation to the Ising model or as a model of isotropically interacting spins in which the spin dimensionality ν approaches infinity. In this note we calculate 80 terms in the high-temperature expansions for the spherical model and compare with predictions which would have been obtained if only ~ 10 terms were known (as in the case for finite ν). We find that the critical point exponents deduced from short series are extremely doubtful when d > 3, where d is the lattice dimensionality. In particular, we note that it is quite possible that the mean field exponents are valid for all ν if d > 3.The spherical model can be regarded either as an exactly-soluble approximation to the Ising model or as a model of isotropically interacting spins in which the spin dimensionality ν approaches infinity. In this note we calculate 80 terms in the high-temperature expansions for the spherical model and compare with predictions which would have been obtained if only ~ 10 terms were known (as in the case for finite ν). We find that the critical point exponents deduced from short series are extremely doubtful when d > 3, where d is the lattice dimensionality. In particular, we note that it is quite possible that the mean field exponents are valid for all ν if d > 3.

Le Journal de Physique ColloquesFeb 1, 19710 citations

Exact solutions and related topics

Hidetoshi Nishimori, Gerardo Ortíz

Abstract Only a limited number of models of phase transitions and critical phenomena can be solved exactly. These examples nevertheless play important roles in many aspects including the verification of the accuracy of approximation theories such as the mean-field theory and renormalization group. Mathematical methods to solve such examples are interesting in their own right and constitute an important subfield of mathematical physics. In particular the exact solution of the two-dimensional Ising model occupies an outstanding status as one of the founding studies of the modern theory of phase transitions and critical phenomena. The present chapter shows simple but typical examples of exact solutions of classical spin systems such as the one-dimensional Ising model with various boundary conditions, the n-vector model, the spherical model, the one-dimensional quantum $XY$ model, and the two-dimensional Ising model. An account on the Yang-Lee theory will also be given as a set of basic rigorous results on phase transitions.Abstract Only a limited number of models of phase transitions and critical phenomena can be solved exactly. These examples nevertheless play important roles in many aspects including the verification of the accuracy of approximation theories such as the mean-field theory and renormalization group. Mathematical methods to solve such examples are interesting in their own right and constitute an important subfield of mathematical physics. In particular the exact solution of the two-dimensional Ising model occupies an outstanding status as one of the founding studies of the modern theory of phase transitions and critical phenomena. The present chapter shows simple but typical examples of exact solutions of classical spin systems such as the one-dimensional Ising model with various boundary conditions, the n-vector model, the spherical model, the one-dimensional quantum $XY$ model, and the two-dimensional Ising model. An account on the Yang-Lee theory will also be given as a set of basic rigorous results on phase transitions.

Dec 2, 20100 citations

A simple approximation for Ising spin models

Hadey K. Mohamad

Chinese Journal of PhysicsJun 15, 20181 citation

The partition function of the Ising model with

N

spins, written as a functional integral, is approximated by replacing the field ${\ensuremath{\psi}}_{l}$ at the lattice site

l

by the root-mean-square value of these fields, and evaluating the integral by a saddle-point method. A phase transition, whose mechanism is mathematically similar to that of the spherical model, is predicted at a temperature lower than the Weiss critical temperature. After parametrizing the mean-square field, one may apply a general variational principle to choose the parameters which minimize the difference between the approximate free energy and the exact Ising-model free energy. This optimum choice leads to the Horwitz-Callen theory.

XY

model, and the two-dimensional Ising model. An account on the Yang-Lee theory will also be given as a set of basic rigorous results on phase transitions.