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Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Monte Carlo Renormalization of the Three-Dimensional Ising Model: The Influence of Truncation

Henk W. J. Blöte, J. A. de Bruin, Aaldert Compagner, J. H. Croockewit, Y.T.J.C. Fonk, Jouke R. Heringa, A. Hoogland, A. L. van Willigen

Published Sep 15, 1989• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have applied the Monte Carlo renormalization technique to the simple cubic Ising model. In particular we have investigated the influence of truncation, i.e. the number of coupling used in the analysis of the conjugate correlation functions generated by the Monte Carlo and spin blocking algorithms. To this purpose we have included up to 36 even and 21 odd couplings in our analysis, which is considerably more than used so far. We find that the addition of extra couplings does significantly influence the largest eigenvalues of the stability matrices. However, after correction for the finite-size effect and extrapolation to the fixed point, the effects on the estimated critical exponents are no longer significant.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/10/2/003

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We have applied the Monte Carlo renormalization technique to the simple cubic Ising model. In particular we have investigated the influence of truncation, i.e. the number of coupling used in the analysis of the conjugate correlation functions generated by the Monte Carlo and spin blocking algorithms. To this purpose we have included up to 36 even and 21 odd couplings in our analysis, which is considerably more than used so far. We find that the addition of extra couplings does significantly influence the largest eigenvalues of the stability matrices. However, after correction for the finite-size effect and extrapolation to the fixed point, the effects on the estimated critical exponents are no longer significant.
We present results of a Monte Carlo renormalization-group study of the three-dimensional Ising model on 643{64}^{3}643 and 1283{128}^{3}1283 simple-cubic lattices. The eigenvalues of a linearized transformation matrix, constructed with the use of 53 even operators and 46 odd operators, are shown to be free of truncation errors. Our estimate of the critical coupling is 0.221 652\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.000 003\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.000 001 where the first error is statistical and the second due to the finite number of blocking steps. The results for the relevant exponents are \ensuremath{\nu}=0.624(2) and \ensuremath{\eta}=0.026(3). This estimate for \ensuremath{\nu} lies (2--3)\ensuremath{\sigma} below that obtained from other methods. The correction-to-scaling exponent is found to lie in the range \ensuremath{\omega}=0.8--0.85. We also find that the subleading magnetic exponent is relevant and present evidence that it corresponds to a redundant eigenvector of the majority-rule blocking transformation.
The Monte Carlo renormalization group is applied to the three-dimensional Ising model on simple cubic lattices with 83{8}^{3}83, 163{16}^{3}163, 323{32}^{3}323, and 643{64}^{3}643 sites. The comparison of block-spin correlation functions from the largest lattices yields the nearest-neighbor critical coupling K1c=0.221654(6){K}_{1}^{c}=0.221654(6)K1c​=0.221654(6). After allowing for (i) interpolation to this best estimate for K1c{K}_{1}^{c}K1c​, (ii) an apparent finite-size effect in the renormalization-group transformation due to the measurement of correlation functions of too few (seven) operators, and (iii) the extrapolation for the effect of a slow transient towards the fixed point, the values $\ensuremath{\nu}=0.629(4)$ and $\ensuremath{\eta}=0.031(5)$ are obtained for the thermal and magnetic exponents. The correction-to-scaling exponent $\ensuremath{\omega}$ is estimated to be around 1; to obtain an accuracy competitive with other methods requires measurements with more than seven operators. We briefly review the problem of redundant operators and indicate the future prospects for this kind of calculation.
We report extensive Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling analysis of the correlation length (${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{\mathrm{L}}$) for the spin-spin correlation function and the renormalized coupling (gL{\mathrm{g}}_{\mathrm{L}}gL​) of the simple-cubic Ising model with a wide range of lattice sizes (L\ensuremath{\le}96). New methods of analysis which avoid assumptions related to the correlation length were introduced. The exponents \ensuremath{\nu} and 2-\ensuremath{\alpha} were estimated from separate analysis of ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{\mathrm{L}}$ and gL{\mathrm{g}}_{\mathrm{L}}gL​, respectively. A value of ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}^{\mathrm{*}}$\ensuremath{\approxeq}0.001\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07 for the Fisher exponent is obtained. This is consistent with a very small or no violations of hyperscalings.
We have undertaken a large-scale computer simulation of the 3d Ising model using the Monte Carlo Renormalization Group (MCRG) method. Our calculation improves on past calculations in three ways. Firstly, larger lattices are used -- we have run on 128{sup 3} as well as 64{sup 3}. Secondly, many more spin operators -- 53 even and 46 odd -- are measured. Lastly, we have incorporated more efficient ways of spin update -- Wolff's single-cluster variant of the Swendsen and Wang algorithm. In addition to calculating the critical temperature the thermal and magnetic exponents, and improving the estimate of the correction-to-scaling exponent, we are aiming to verify the presence of redundant operators. We do not yet have sufficient statistics to give final results so here we describe our calculation and present preliminary results which demonstrate that we have control over both finite size effects and systematic errors arising from truncation. 16 refs., 7 figs.
We investigate three Ising models on the simple cubic lattice by means of Monte Carlo methods and finite-size scaling. These models are the spin-1/2 Ising model with nearest-neighbour interactions, a spin-1/2 model with nearest-neighbour and third-neighbour interactions, and a spin-1 model with nearest-neighbour interactions. The results are in accurate agreement with the hypothesis of universality. Analysis of the finite-size scaling behaviour reveals corrections beyond those caused by the leading irrelevant scaling field. We find that the correction-to-scaling amplitudes are strongly dependent on the introduction of further-neighbour interactions or a third spin state. In a spin-1 Ising model, these corrections appear to be very small. This is very helpful for the determination of the universal constants of the Ising model. The renormalization exponents of the Ising model are determined as y t =1.587 (2), y h =2.4815 (15) and y i =-0.82 (6). The universal ratio Q=(m 2 ) 2 /(m 4 ) is equal to 0.6233 (4) for periodic systems with cubic symmetry. The critical point of the nearest-neighbour spin-1/2 model is K c =0.2216546 (10).
While the three-dimensional Ising model has defied analytic solution, various numerical methods like Monte Carlo, Monte Carlo renormalization group, and series expansion have provided precise information about the phase transition. Using Monte Carlo simulation that employs the Wolff cluster flipping algorithm with both 32-bit and 53-bit random number generators and data analysis with histogram reweighting and quadruple precision arithmetic, we have investigated the critical behavior of the simple cubic Ising Model, with lattice sizes ranging from 16^{3} to 1024^{3}. By analyzing data with cross correlations between various thermodynamic quantities obtained from the same data pool, e.g., logarithmic derivatives of magnetization and derivatives of magnetization cumulants, we have obtained the critical inverse temperature K_{c}=0.221654626(5) and the critical exponent of the correlation length ν=0.629912(86) with precision that exceeds all previous Monte Carlo estimates.