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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Creation of quasi-one-dimensional high-nstrontium Rydberg atoms

Moritz Hiller, S. Yoshida, Joachim Burgdörfer, S. Ye, X Zhang, F. B. Dunning

Published Apr 10, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The production of strongly-polarized quasi-one-dimensional n ~300 strontium Rydberg atoms is being explored as a first step towards controlling and manipulating their properties.
DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/488/3/032002

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Efficient three-photon excitation of quasi-1D n∼300n\sim300n∼300 strontium Rydberg atoms
The efficient production of very-high-nnn, $n\ensuremath{\sim}300$, quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) strontium Rydberg atoms through three-photon excitation of extreme Stark states in the presence of a weak dc field is demonstrated using a crossed laser-atom beam geometry. Strongly polarized quasi-1D states with large permanent dipole moments $\ensuremath{\sim}1.2{n}^{2}$ a.u. can be created in the beam at densities ($\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{6}$ cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$) where dipole blockade effects should become important. A further advantage of three-photon excitation is that the product FFF states are sensitive to the presence of external fields, allowing stray fields to be reduced to very small values. The experimental data are analyzed using quantum calculations based on a two-active-electron model together with classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations. These allow determination of the atomic dipole moments and confirm that stray fields can be reduced to $\ensuremath{\le}25\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}$V cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$.
The production of very-high-nnn ($n\ensuremath{\sim}300$--500) strontium Rydberg atoms is explored using a crossed-laser-atom-beam geometry. nnn1S0{}^{1}{S}_{0}1S0​ and nnn1D2{}^{1}{D}_{2}1D2​ states are created by two-photon excitation via the 5s5p5s5p5s5p 1P1{}^{1}{P}_{1}1P1​ intermediate state using radiation with wavelengths of $\ensuremath{\sim}$461 and $\ensuremath{\sim}$413 nm. Rydberg atom densities as high as $\ensuremath{\sim}3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{5}$ cm${}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ have been achieved, sufficient that Rydberg-Rydberg interactions can become important. The isotope shifts in the Rydberg series limits are determined by tuning the 461-nm light to preferentially excite the different strontium isotopes. Photoexcitation in the presence of an applied electric field is examined. The initially quadratic Stark shift of the nnn1P1{}^{1}{P}_{1}1P1​ and nnn1D2{}^{1}{D}_{2}1D2​ states becomes near-linear at higher fields and the possible use of n1D2n{}^{1}{D}_{2}n1D2​ states to create strongly polarized, quasi-one-dimensional electronic states in strontium is discussed. The data are analyzed with the aid of a two-active-electron (TAE) approximation. The two-electron Hamiltonian, within which the Sr2+{}^{2+}2+ core is represented by a semi-empirical potential, is numerically diagonalized allowing the calculation of the energies of high-nnn Rydberg states and their photoexcitation probabilities.