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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Photon gain from stimulated electron-ion (atom) recombination

Farhad H. M. Faisal, A. Lami, N. K. Rahman

Published Sep 14, 1981• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Photon gain due to stimulated recombination is investigated. Analytic results for calculation of the fractional gain are obtained as a function of intensity and spread in the electron energy. The results are applied to calculate the gain in a (He + +e - ) system.
DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/14/17/007

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The problem of stimulated recombination at a resonance is investigated by a time-dependent, non-perturbative approach. The number of pairs recombined by a laser pulse is computed as a function of the intensity, of the pulse duration, and of the initial electron-energy distribution (as well as of the parameters which characterize the atomic resonance and its field-induced coupling to the final bound state). The role of spontaneous emission (or other paths) from the recombined state (if it is excited) is also discussed. Numerical results are given including an example of recombination to the ground state in the Sr atom.
Spontaneous radiative recombination between protons and electrons to form hydrogen atoms with 8\ensuremath{\le}n\ensuremath{\le}19 has been measured. CO2{\mathrm{CO}}_{2}CO2​ laser light has been shown to induce stimulated radiative recombination to the n=11 and 12 levels with an inferred gain in the cross section of 1720\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}860 and 4790\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2830 for a laser power of 12.6 and 15.3 W, respectively. This is in line with that predicted theoretically.
Stimulated radiative recombination has been demonstrated experimentally in and collisions using a merged electron - ion beams apparatus with field ionization detection of the excited neutral products. Enhancement of the recombination over spontaneous recombination to form the n=11, 12 and 13 levels of atomic hydrogen and the n = 11 and 12 levels of atomic helium by factors of between 1000 and 3000 have been found using a laser power of 8 W. Evidence for the resolution of fine-structure levels has been seen for the case of helium.
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Introduction In this chapter we will present the theory of spectral gain in optical amplifiers and the related optical power distribution. The concepts are general, as they apply to every optical amplifier configuration, independent of the specific architecture and implementation technology. We will configure the optical amplifying medium as a traveling-wave device, where the optical field undergoes optical amplification as it propagates from the input to the output sections. Generally speaking, optical amplification is achieved by a net stimulated emission process. Referring to a generic section z of infinitesimal thickness dz , optical gain is determined by the imbalance between net stimulated emission and cavity losses, including extrinsic absorption, reflection and radiated fields. As we know from the theory of light amplification in the three-level atomic system presented in Chapter 5, stimulated absorption of photons is governed by the same transition rate as stimulated emission, and is included in the net stimulated emission process. With this in mind, we note the identity between stimulated emission and the stimulated absorption rates, Γ 12 = Γ 21 , and the net stimulated photon term Γ[ j 2 ( t ) – j 1 ( t )] p ( t ) in the rate equation. In order to develop the traveling-wave model, the photon density becomes a function of the longitudinal position 0 ≤ z ≤ L along the amplifier medium. Accordingly, we will set p ( t , z ) as the relative density of stimulated photons per unit volume (0 ≤ p ( t , z ) ≤ 1) at time t and section z . When photons with appropriate energy proceed along the amplifying medium, they are amplified by means of net stimulated emission. At some section z = z 0 , the steady-state photon density P ( z ) can approach the saturation density P sat ( z ).