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AIP conference proceedings

Study of entanglement in a quantum antiferromagnet

Tanmoy Chakraborty, Diptaranjan Das, Harkirat Singh, Tamal K. Sen, Swadhin K. Mandal, Chiranjib Mitra

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The absolute temperature (T) and magnetic field (B) dependent magnetization(M) and study of entanglement out of the experimental data is reported for dichloro(thiazole)copper(II), a Heisenberg spin chain system. The magnetic susceptibility (χ) vs. T plot assures the behavior of infinite spin chain. The M vs. B data has been taken at different temperature as long as the antiferromagnetic(AFM) correlations persist significantly. M, B and T have been plotted in a 3D plot showing explicitly the dependence of the three parameters on one another. Since the concurrence is a measure of entanglement, the value of concurrence is extracted from the χ vs. T data and that's how the information about entanglement is extracted from the macroscopic magnetic susceptibility.

DOI
10.1063/1.4710413

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The absolute temperature (T) and magnetic field (B) dependent magnetization(M) and study of entanglement out of the experimental data is reported for dichloro(thiazole)copper(II), a Heisenberg spin chain system. The magnetic susceptibility (χ) vs. T plot assures the behavior of infinite spin chain. The M vs. B data has been taken at different temperature as long as the antiferromagnetic(AFM) correlations persist significantly. M, B and T have been plotted in a 3D plot showing explicitly the dependence of the three parameters on one another. Since the concurrence is a measure of entanglement, the value of concurrence is extracted from the χ vs. T data and that's how the information about entanglement is extracted from the macroscopic magnetic susceptibility.
Entanglement has been extensively studied from the perspective of Quantum Information Processing for the last decade and various measures of entanglement, to quantify it are now available. Experimentally also it has been possible to measure entanglement in pure state, mostly in optics. However, in recent years there has been significant development in Quantum Condensed Matter systems, especially spin chains, where extraction of entanglement has been made possible through macroscopic witness operators like magnetic susceptibility. In this work, we have studied the magnetic properties of some spin chains, where the exchange interaction can be tuned by preparation technique and we have extracted a magnetic field and temperature dependence of entanglement from susceptibility and magnetization data taken at various temperatures and fields. The spin chains considered here fall in two categories, first one is an alternating dimer model and the second is an infinite spin chain. We have given the experimental plots of entanglement as a function of temperature and magnetic fields and compared them with the theoretical plots.
We study the macroscopic entanglement properties of a low-dimensional quantum spin system by investigating its magnetic properties at low temperatures and high magnetic fields. The spin system chosen for this is copper nitrate (Cu(NO 3 ) 2 × 2.5H 2 O), which is a spin chain that exhibits dimerization. The temperature and magnetic field dependence of entanglement from the susceptibility and magnetization data are given, by comparing the experimental results with the theoretical estimates. Extraction of entanglement has been made possible through the macroscopic witness operator, magnetic susceptibility. An explicit comparison of the experimental extraction of entanglement with theoretical estimates is provided. It was found that theory and experiments match over a wide range of temperatures and fields. The spin system studied exhibits quantum phase transition (QPT) at low temperatures when the magnetic field is swept through a critical value. We show explicitly for the first time, using tools used in quantum information processing, that QPT can be captured experimentally using quantum complementary observables, which clearly delineate entangled states from separable ones across the QPT. We have also estimated the partial information sharing in this system from our magnetization and susceptibility data. The complementarity relation has been experimentally verified to hold in this system.
Detection of entangled states from experimental magnetic susceptibility is reported for an organic radical. The present system exemplifies an ideal spin ½ chain with full isotropy. Experimental susceptibility data are modelled by the formulation described by Bonner and Fisher. An explicit correlation is established between the molecular structure and the spin chain interaction. Using experimental magnetic susceptibility as entanglement witness, entanglement is observed to exist up to 28 K in the present system. Evolution of entanglement with magnetic field is also studied and a surface plot is generated, which clearly exhibits the variation of entanglement with magnetic field and temperature.
We study the macroscopic entanglement properties of a low dimensional quantum spin system by investigating its magnetic properties at low temperatures and high magnetic fields. The tempera- ture and magnetic field dependence of entanglement from the susceptibility and magnetization data comparing the experimental extraction with theoretical estimates are given. Extraction of entan- glement has been made possible through the macroscopic witness operators magnetic susceptibility. The protocol followed in doing so has been outlined in some recent work. Various plots of entan- glement comparing the experimental extraction with theoretical estimates are given. Quantitative comparison between concurrence and entanglement witness is given for both the theoretical and experimental results. Theory and experiments match over a wide range of temperature and field. The spin system studied is a chain, which exhibits dimerisation and yields fascinating entanglement properties when the temperature and magnetic field is varied. These spin systems exhibit quantum phase transition (QPT) at low temperatures, when the magnetic field is swept through a critical value. We show explicitly for the first time, using tools used in quantum information processing (QIP), that quantum phase transition (QPT) can be captured experimentally using canonically conjugate observables. Macroscopically, quantum complementarity relation clearly delineates entangled states from separable states across the QPT. We have estimated the partial information sharing in this system from our magnetization and susceptibility data. The complementarity relation has been experimentally verified to hold in this system
The entanglement thermal (equilibrium) properties in spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg model on an ideal diamond chain is analyzed. Due to the classical character of Ising-type exchange interactions between two neighboring antiferromagnetic Heisenberg dimers, the calculation of quantum entanglement (by tracing out Ising spins) can be performed for each of the dimers separately. The concurrence, as a measure of entanglement is obtained and different regimes depending on the values of exchange interactions are revealed. The effects of the magnetic field are incorporated and critical temperatures corresponding to the vanishing or arising of entanglement are considered.
Entangled solid state systems have gained a great deal of attention due to their fruitful applications in modern quantum technologies. Herein, detection of entanglement content from experimental magnetic susceptibility and specific heat data is reported for NH4CuPO4·H2O in its solid state crystalline form. NH4CuPO4·H2O is a prototype of Heisenberg spin 1/2 dimer system. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility and specific data are fitted to an isolated dimer model and the exchange coupling constant is determined. Field dependent magnetization isotherms taken at different temperatures are plotted in a three dimensional plot. Subsequently, entanglement is detected both from susceptibility and specific heat through two different entanglement measures; entanglement witness and entanglement of formation. The temperature evolution of entanglement is studied and the critical temperature is determined up to which entanglement exists. Temperature dependent nature of entanglement extracted from susceptibility and specific heat shows good consistency with each other. Moreover, the field dependent entanglement is also investigated.