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Physical Review A

Competition between one- and two-photon lasing in two cavity modes

David Petrosyan, P. Lambropoulos

Published Jul 1, 1999• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We examine two-photon lasing in competition with the one-photon lasing into a second mode near resonance with a transition to an intermediate state. The model assumes pumping to the upper state of the two-photon transition. After a derivation of the relevant master equation for the atomic system, we consider the Maxwell-Bloch equation on the basis of which we study the steady state and the time-dependent dynamical behavior of the system. We show that two-photon lasing can be sustained in coexistence with one-photon lasing after the latter is saturated. The results are illustrated with an application to a specific atomic system (potassium) as an amplifying medium.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.60.398

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We examine two-photon lasing in competition with the one-photon lasing into a second mode near resonance with a transition to an intermediate state. The model assumes pumping to the upper state of the two-photon transition. After a derivation of the relevant master equation for the atomic system, we consider the Maxwell-Bloch equation on the basis of which we study the steady state and the time-dependent dynamical behavior of the system. We show that two-photon lasing can be sustained in coexistence with one-photon lasing after the latter is saturated. The results are illustrated with an application to a specific atomic system (potassium) as an amplifying medium.
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We have investigated the steady-state cavity-field properties of a single-mode two-photon micromaser when the atoms in a cascade three-level configuration are initially prepared in a mixture of the upper and intermediate states. The mean photon number, trapping state and sub-Poissonian effect are discussed with upper (intermediate)-state population changing from 1(0) to 0(1). These properties are very different from those in a pure two- or one-photon transition process, due to the competition among different transition processes. In particular, the trapping states of nonzero photons are discovered in this system under some conditions, which is contrary to the previous findings.
We show theoretically that it is possible to generate laser light based on two-photon and other high-order multiphoton processes when an atomic beam of optically driven potassium atoms crosses a high-finesse optical cavity. We use a rigorous model that takes into account all the atomic substates involved in the optical interactions and is valid for any drive and lasing field intensities. The polarizations of the drive and lasing fields are assumed to be fixed. Stable and unstable laser emission branches are obtained, which are represented as a function of cavity detuning and are analyzed in terms of the fundamental quantum processes yielding them. Closed-curve laser-emission profiles are obtained for multiphoton lasing based on processes involving more than one lasing photon. Two-photon laser emission branches show relatively long segments of stationary emission, combined in general with some segments of nonstationary emission, or with segments of mixture with three-photon emission processes. Rayleigh and hyper-Rayleigh processes can become simultaneously resonant, entailing in such case a large and fast transfer of population from the atomic initial ground sublevel to other ground sublevels with different zzz components of the total angular momentum. They could be useful in generating multiphoton correlated field states. In all cases the largest laser emission intensities are obtained from the highest-order processes, rather than the lowest. These results open the way to the understanding of experiments performed in the past years and suggest possibilities for more efficient and varied types of multiphoton laser operation.
We investigate the quantum dynamics of a two-photon micromaser pumped by atoms injected in the superposition state of the upper and intermediate levels. We simulate a master equation governing the system by the Monte Carlo wavefunction approach and analyse the steady-state behaviour as a function of the atomic transit time. The atomic coherence can effectively enhance the intensity and sub-Poissonian of the cavity field as compared with the atomic mixture. It is also discovered that the phase of the cavity field can be shifted by adjusting the detuning between the atom and field. This result shows that it is possible to manipulate the phase of the cavity field by detuning, due to atomic coherence.
We formulate the theory of a micromaser operating simultaneously on a one- and a two-photon atomic transition. Departing from the complete microscopic Hamiltonian for this composite `atom plus field' system, we derive the equations governing its behaviour in the semiclassical approximation and also the fully quantum mechanical master equation. Using parameters corresponding to existing realizations of the one- and two-photon micromaser, we obtain illustrative examples of some novel aspects of this system in the steady state as well as in dynamical evolution.