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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Entanglement and rapid measurement of clock-state qubits in Yb or Sr for quantum information processing

Nathan S. Babcock, R. Stock, Barry C. Sanders

Published May 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We devise protocols for entangling and rapidly measuring qubits encoded in the clock transitions in Yb or Sr. Our work provides concrete guidelines for experimental realizations of quantum computing and fundamental tests of quantum mechanics.
DOI
10.1109/qels.2007.4431678

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Optical clock-transitions such as the ones in Ytterbium are prime candidates for encoding qubits for quantum information processing applications due to very low decoherence rates. In this work, we investigate the challenges involved in using these prime candidates for fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. We design entangling operations for pairs of indistinguishable atoms trapped in optical tweezers, as well as determine the feasibility of rapid qubit rotation and measurement of qubits encoded in these desirable low-decoherence clock transitions. In particular, we propose multi-photon transitions for fast rotation of qubits, followed by ultrafast readout via resonant multiphoton ionization. The rapid measurement of atomic qubits is crucial for high-speed synchronization of quantum information processors, but is also of interest for tests of Bell inequalities. We investigate a Bell inequality test that avoids the detection loophole in entangled qubits, which are spacelike separated over only a few meters.
Yb and Sr are both strong candidates for an optical lattice clock as well as for creating useful qubits. Both atoms have experimentally accessible energy level transitions, allowing the atoms to be readily laser-cooled and trapped, and in the case of Yb, Bose-Einstein condensed. While the Sr clock transition has been studied extensively, both in and out of an optical lattice, the same transition in Yb has thus far remained unexplored experimentally. Here we report the direct excitation of the 578 nm /sup 1/S/sub 0/-/sup 3/P/sub 0/ transition in odd isotope /sup 171,173/Yb. We also discuss the possible application of this type of transitions in making qubits for quantum computation and a clock scheme based on three-photon transition in an even isotope.