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Optics Communications

Observation of population trapping in a two-photon resonant three-level atom

M. Kaivola, Nis Bjerre, Ove Poulsen, Juha Javanainen

Published Apr 1, 1984• 13 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0030-4018(84)90206-2

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We discuss the phase-sensitive noise properties of fluorescence emitted by three-level atoms coherently excited by two laser fields, using both undressed and dressed uncoupled-state representations. The occurrence of steady-state squeezing is found to be highly sensitive to relaxation processes between the two-photon resonant levels. For purely radiative decay from the upper level, and no lower-state relaxation, the population is susceptible to coherent population trapping. Near two-photon resonance, the atom is optically pumped into a nonabsorbing (trapped) superposition state, which, although it reduces upper-level population, also leads to an interference cancellation of dipole moments and to suppression of squeezing. Lower-level relaxation unbalances this interference and restores the squeezing to some extent. Transient squeezing is also predicted in the time-dependent fluorescence.