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Laser Physics

Ultra-high resolution trap-loss spectroscopy of ultracold 133Cs atom long-range states in a magnetooptical trap

L. R. Wang, Jie Ma, Weiwei Ji, G. P. Wang, Liantuan Xiao, Suotang Jia

Published Sep 1, 2007• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present an ultra-high resolution spectroscopic study of the photoassociation of cesium atoms inside a magnetooptical trap using trap-loss detection with photoassociation laser slow scanning. The photoassociation spectra show vibrational levels of three molecular symmetries below the 6S 1/2 + 6P 3/2 dissociation limit. A dynamic model is derived to extract the photoassociation rate from the trap-loss spectrum. Many observed rotational levels are well resolved, which indicate d-wave and higher partial wave contributions to the photoassociation cross section.

DOI
10.1134/s1054660x07090113

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We present an ultra-high resolution spectroscopic study of the photoassociation of cesium atoms inside a magnetooptical trap using trap-loss detection with photoassociation laser slow scanning. The photoassociation spectra show vibrational levels of three molecular symmetries below the 6S 1/2 + 6P 3/2 dissociation limit. A dynamic model is derived to extract the photoassociation rate from the trap-loss spectrum. Many observed rotational levels are well resolved, which indicate d-wave and higher partial wave contributions to the photoassociation cross section.
In this paper, ultracold cesium molecules are formed through photoassociation technology, which is carried out in a magneto-optical trap. High resolution photoassociaion spectra with the rotational progressions up to J = 7 are obtained. Three rovibrational levels of the long-range 0 u + state of Cs 2 below the (6S 1/2 + 6P 1/2 ) dissociation limit are specifically investigated. By fitting their binding energy intervals to the non-rigid rotational model, the rotational constant of the long-range 0 u + state is determined. A proportional dependence of the value of the rotational constant on the vibrational quantum number is demonstrated.
We have performed high precision photoassociation spectroscopy of ultracold cesium gas. Using trap-loss fluorescence detection and controlling the background cesium pressure we were able to photoassociate atoms into excited states of ultracold molecules with large detunings up to 56 cm(-1) below the Cs(6S(1/2)) + Cs(6P(1/2)) atomic asymptote. Vibrational progressions are assigned to 0(g)(-), 0(u)(+), and 1(g) long-range states. By fitting the spectral data to the LeRoy-Bernstein expression, the effective coefficients of the leading long-range interactions and the vibrational quantum number at dissociation are obtained. In addition we have observed spectral perturbations between states of the same symmetry belonging to different asymptotes (6P(1/2) and 6P(3/2)). The perturbations are manifested through irregular vibrational level spacings and are especially pronounced in the 0(u)(+) symmetry. Many observed rotational levels indicate d- and higher partial wave contributions to the photoassociation cross section in the presence of trapping laser light, while spectral regions with only weak features suggest nodes in the lower state wave functions corresponding to the two ground state atoms asymptote.
High precision photoassociation spectroscopy is performed in ultracold cesium gas, with detunings as large as 51 cm(-1) below the Cs(6S(1/2))+Cs(6P(3/2)) asymptote. Trap-loss fluorescence detection is used for detecting the photoassociation to excited state ultracold molecules. Long vibrational progressions are assigned to electronic states of 0(g) (-), 0(u) (+), and 1(g) symmetry. The spectral data are fitted to a LeRoy-Bernstein equation, in order to obtain the effective coefficients of the leading long-range interaction term (C(3)/R(3)) and the relative vibrational quantum numbers measured down from dissociation. Additionally we present evidence for perturbations between the 0(g) (-) state and the dark 2(u) state.
Photoassociation spectroscopy with high resolution for 0u+(6P3/2) long-range state of ultracold cesium molecules has been measured experimentally using the modulated trap loss fluorescence spectroscopy technology. The spectral range has been extended over 60 cm-1 below the 6S1/2 + 6P3/2 dissociation limit as compared with other groups. twenty-five new observations of the Cs2 0u+ in long-range state are reported. The vibrational binding energies of these states are analyzed by using the LeRoy-Bernstein formula. The long-range parameter C3 in molecular 0u+(6P3/2) state is derived for 16.1030.010, and the corresponding molecular potential curve is depicted.
The high-resolution photoassociation spectrum of the ultracold cesium molecular 0_u~+ state below the 6S 1/2 + 6P 1/2 limit is presented in this paper. The saturation of the photoassociation scattering probability is observed from the dependence of the trap-loss probability on the photoassociation laser intensity. The corresponding resonant line width is also demonstrated to increase linearly with increasing photoassociation laser intensity. Our experimental data have good consistency with the theoretical saturation model of Bohn and Julienne Bohn J L and Julienne P S 1999 Phys. Rev. A 60 1].
The high-resolution photoassociation spectrum of the ultracold cesium molecular 0 u + state below the 6S 1/2 + 6P 1/2 limit is presented in this paper. The saturation of the photoassociation scattering probability is observed from the dependence of the trap-loss probability on the photoassociation laser intensity. The corresponding resonant line width is also demonstrated to increase linearly with increasing photoassociation laser intensity. Our experimental data have good consistency with the theoretical saturation model of Bohn and Julienne [Bohn J L and Julienne P S 1999 Phys. Rev. A 60 1 ].