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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Saturation of the intensity of stimulated Raman scattering under quasisteady conditions

N. V. Okladnikov, Vladislav V Zverev, Galina L. Brekhovskikh, Albina I. Sokolovskaya

Published Jun 30, 1984• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An investigation was made of the influence of the geometric excitation conditions on the energy dependences of the stimulated scattering of focused laser pulses of ~ 10 −8 sec duration when the sharpness and depth of focusing were varied. The experimental results obtained in this study were interpreted theoretically on the basis of a quantum analysis of stimulated Raman scattering in a two-level system. The experimental relationships could be explained only if an allowance was made for the changes in the populations of the levels participating in the Raman transition. It was possible to select the experimental conditions so that reconstruction of the wavefront of the pump radiation was observed under stimulated scattering conditions in a wide energy range.

DOI
10.1070/qe1984v014n06abeh005144

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An investigation was made of the influence of the geometric excitation conditions on the energy dependences of the stimulated scattering of focused laser pulses of ~ 10 −8 sec duration when the sharpness and depth of focusing were varied. The experimental results obtained in this study were interpreted theoretically on the basis of a quantum analysis of stimulated Raman scattering in a two-level system. The experimental relationships could be explained only if an allowance was made for the changes in the populations of the levels participating in the Raman transition. It was possible to select the experimental conditions so that reconstruction of the wavefront of the pump radiation was observed under stimulated scattering conditions in a wide energy range.
A model is developed for the description of stimulated Raman scattering. This model allows for changes in the level populations due to radiative transitions and it can be used also for an arbitrary detuning of the pump radiation from the center of a line of an atom in the active medium. A study is made of the conversion of wide-band laser radiation into a Stokes signal. It is shown that this conversion is quite efficient and the Stokes signal gain corresponds to coherent scattering. This result is related to the matching of the phases of the pump and Stokes signals. Numerical investigations carried out using this model under the experimental conditions described elsewhere give results in agreement with the experimental data.
An experimental investigation was made of the distribution of the energies of pulses of forward (concurrent) and backward first Stokes components of stimulated Raman scattering (STRS), and of pump (exciting) radiation pulses, transmitted by a scattering medium. The study was carried out under linear, intermediate, and nonlinear scattering conditions. The dependences of the coefficients of variation and of the asymmetry of the distributions on the energy of the pump pulses were determined. The statistical properties of the energy of the backward STRS pulses differed in a number of respects from the forward STRS pulses, including a relatively high coefficient of variation in the former case. An interpretation of these differences was developed. It was found that STRS gave rise to fluctuations of the energy of the transmitted pump pulses and the statistical characteristics of these pulses were determined. The results obtained for forward STRS were in satisfactory agreement with the conclusions reached on the basis of a quantum theory.
An investigation was made of the influence of different excitation conditions on the self-focusing of stimulated Raman-scattered light. It was found that the dimensions of self-focusing filaments and their number depended on the energy of the exciting radiation and the thickness of the scattering layer. In the situation in which self-focusing points were observed at both ends of a Dewar flask, the anti-Stokes scattering included (in addition to rings of class 1) scattering along the axis. Estimates were obtained of the self-focusing threshold power related to the Kerr effect and to the increase in the polarizability of molecules due to excitation. It was found that the first of these mechanisms could not give rise to self-focusing of the Raman-scattered light, whereas the threshold of the second mechanism was close to the excitation energy at which such self-focusing was observed.
The results of numerical calculations of the transient stimulated Raman scattering reported previously have been verified experimentally under conditions where both linear dispersion and self-focusing effects were negligible. The existence of a delay between maxima of the laser and Stokes pulses is experimentally demonstrated for the first time, while the pulse shortening in time via Raman scattering is established more firmly than in previous work. The incident-laser-pulse duration, generated-Stokes-pulse duration, and delay between intensity maxima for the laser and Stokes pulses were measured with the two-photon absorption-fluorescence technique. The effective phonon-dephasing time is determined via spontaneous Raman scattering. By using these measured quantities, inferences are made as to the magnitude of the transient gain and the shape of the exciting picosecond laser pulse.
The influence of a strong field resonant to the Raman transition on the behavior of the Stokes harmonic in saturated two-wave stimulated Raman scattering is theoretically considered based on the description of a gas of three-level atoms by medium density matrix equations. The vibrational mode of energy redistribution between laser and scattered radiation, threshold with respect to the resonant field intensity, is predicted. The action of optical fields on the absorption and amplification of the resonant field in a Raman medium is described.