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The European Physical Journal D

Interaction of frequency modulated light pulses with rubidium atoms in a magneto-optical trap

Jozsef S. Bakos, Gagik P. Djotyan, P.N. Ignácz, M. Á. Kedves, Miklós Serényi, Zs. Sörlei, János Szigeti, Z. Tóth

Published Apr 3, 2006• 8 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1140/epjd/e2006-00073-7

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Abstract We present results of experimental and theoretical studies of coherent momentum transfer to rubidium atoms in a magneto-optical trap by pairs of counter-propagating frequency-modulated (chirped) laser pulses. The counter-propagating pulse pairs partially overlap each other leading to multiphoton interaction processes. We show experimentally that the mechanical momentum transferred to atoms in this scheme of interaction is larger than in the case of non-overlapping pulse pairs acting separately on the atoms. Results of numerical simulations that take into account all relevant hyperfine energy states of Rb along with the influence of relaxation and re-pumping processes are in good agreement with obtained experimental results. Graphical abstract

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This thesis covers the construction and characterisation of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) \nfor 85Rb from the very beginning. It details both the optical and mechanical aspects\nfrom laser diode assembly, tuning and stabilisation to the preparation and assembly of\nthe vacuum system.\nThe MOT construction forms the first goal of the project, the second was to develop\na laser system capable of producing custom programmable, amplitude modulated and\nfrequency chirped pulses (on the tens of microseconds timescale) from a continuous wave\nsource. This involved developing software and computer control for several arbitrary\nsignal generators linked to drivers for acousto-optic and electro-optic modulators. This\nchirped, pulsed laser system will be used to perform state manipulations on the 85Rb\nMOT cloud using two-photon Raman transitions in an adiabatic rapid passage regime.\nThe chirped pulse system was initially tested with a rubidium vapour cell in an attempt\nto perform atomic interferometry that would produce spatial interference fringes along\nthe length of the cell. However, due to the beam power requirements, the beam diameter\ntogether with the large Doppler shift at room temperature meant these fringes were not\nseen and so the vapour cell was replaced with the cold atom cloud in the MOT.\nTwo-photon experiments were attempted with the MOT cloud using the chirped pulse\nsystem, however despite greatly improved laser power and detection eficiency, the signal\nindicating ground state population transfer via a two-photon interaction was not seen.\nThe results indicate that the hyperfine-ground state splitting frequency has been shifted\ndue to the proximity of the ion pump magnet to the vacuum system. Presently, efforts\nare being directed towards searching for the correct frequency.

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Characterization of a Rubidium Magneto-Optical Trap

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Effective multiple sideband generation using an electro-optic modulator for a multiple isotope magneto-optical trap

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Herein, we report an effective method for the generation of radio-frequency (RF) sidebands in an electro-optic modulator for the simultaneous magneto-optical trapping of two isotopes. This is achieved by switching the RF signals alternately, which suppresses the generation of unwanted frequency signals and improves the laser power per sideband. The generated sidebands are successfully applied to a dual-rubidium-isotope magneto-optical trap (MOT), which results in an increased number of trapped atoms. This simple, flexible, and robust technique can be implemented in experiments that require a large number of atoms in multiple-isotope MOTs and for various applications.

Review of Scientific Instruments•Dec 1, 2018•3 citations
Abstract We present results of experimental and theoretical studies of coherent momentum transfer to rubidium atoms in a magneto-optical trap by pairs of counter-propagating frequency-modulated (chirped) laser pulses. The counter-propagating pulse pairs partially overlap each other leading to multiphoton interaction processes. We show experimentally that the mechanical momentum transferred to atoms in this scheme of interaction is larger than in the case of non-overlapping pulse pairs acting separately on the atoms. Results of numerical simulations that take into account all relevant hyperfine energy states of Rb along with the influence of relaxation and re-pumping processes are in good agreement with obtained experimental results. Graphical abstract
This thesis covers the construction and characterisation of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) \nfor 85Rb from the very beginning. It details both the optical and mechanical aspects\nfrom laser diode assembly, tuning and stabilisation to the preparation and assembly of\nthe vacuum system.\nThe MOT construction forms the first goal of the project, the second was to develop\na laser system capable of producing custom programmable, amplitude modulated and\nfrequency chirped pulses (on the tens of microseconds timescale) from a continuous wave\nsource. This involved developing software and computer control for several arbitrary\nsignal generators linked to drivers for acousto-optic and electro-optic modulators. This\nchirped, pulsed laser system will be used to perform state manipulations on the 85Rb\nMOT cloud using two-photon Raman transitions in an adiabatic rapid passage regime.\nThe chirped pulse system was initially tested with a rubidium vapour cell in an attempt\nto perform atomic interferometry that would produce spatial interference fringes along\nthe length of the cell. However, due to the beam power requirements, the beam diameter\ntogether with the large Doppler shift at room temperature meant these fringes were not\nseen and so the vapour cell was replaced with the cold atom cloud in the MOT.\nTwo-photon experiments were attempted with the MOT cloud using the chirped pulse\nsystem, however despite greatly improved laser power and detection eficiency, the signal\nindicating ground state population transfer via a two-photon interaction was not seen.\nThe results indicate that the hyperfine-ground state splitting frequency has been shifted\ndue to the proximity of the ion pump magnet to the vacuum system. Presently, efforts\nare being directed towards searching for the correct frequency.
Herein, we report an effective method for the generation of radio-frequency (RF) sidebands in an electro-optic modulator for the simultaneous magneto-optical trapping of two isotopes. This is achieved by switching the RF signals alternately, which suppresses the generation of unwanted frequency signals and improves the laser power per sideband. The generated sidebands are successfully applied to a dual-rubidium-isotope magneto-optical trap (MOT), which results in an increased number of trapped atoms. This simple, flexible, and robust technique can be implemented in experiments that require a large number of atoms in multiple-isotope MOTs and for various applications.