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Optics Communications

Parametric generation and absorption of tunable vacuum-ultraviolet radiation controlled by laser-induced autoionizing-like resonances in the continuum

Yu. I. Heller, A. K. Popov

Published Sep 1, 1976• 81 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0030-4018(76)90293-5

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Efficient harmonic generation at laser-induced autoionizing state in continuum, were observed for the first time by our laboratory [1,2,3]. In this paper, nonlinear frequency mixing in alkali metal vapors at induced continuum structure in Na, are studied in detail. Besides, measurement of nonlinear optical susceptibility at induced autoionizing resonance, is performed. Tunable ultraviolet radiations by four-photon processes near induced resonances are obtained. Estimations of the real and imaginary parts of the nonlinearities, are estimated. We will specially note, that the resonant photoabsorption of ions is experimentally investigated since it gives information about the autoionizing states, which is impossible to obtain on the base only of the emission spectra. We use also laser inducing for obtaining of powerful radiation source in VUV. Thus, many actual problems as the selective impact on matter, laser photochemistry and laser isotope separation are connected directly with the induced autoionizing nonlinear resonances. The main interest is to control the spectral characteristics of continuum. The discrete level from the continuum structure leads to appearance of asymmetrical autoionizing resonance onto the background of the broad-band absorption line.

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Role of atomic coherence effects in four-wave mixing using autoionizing resonances

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The generation of tunable, nanosecond-pulsed extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) light $(84.92\mathrm{nm}$ to $84.97\mathrm{nm}$ $\ensuremath{\sim}14.6\mathrm{eV})$ using four-wave mixing in optically deep krypton gas was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The sum-frequency mixing scheme generated light from two overlapping autoionizing resonances, ${17s}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ and ${15d}^{\ensuremath{'}}$. We investigated whether the laser-induced atomic coherence effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) could enhance the intensity of the EUV light generated. The maximum EUV output was seen from the region where the ${15d}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ autoionizing resonance has a transparency window due to Fano-type quantum interference. An analytical model using appropriate atomic parameters explains how background absorption can prevent EIT enhancement of EUV generation; and shows how a background Raman-like coupling term in the nonlinear susceptibility can well describe the measured EUV generation spectrum.

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Generation of high-brightness coherent radiation in the vacuum ultraviolet by four-wave parametric oscillation in mercury vapor

Jeffrey Bokor A, Richard R. Freeman, R. L. Panock +1 more

Coherent radiation at several wavelengths in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) has been generated by four-wave parametric oscillation in mercury vapor. When a powerful ultraviolet pump laser of frequency omega(p) is tuned to a two-photon resonance, VUV signal photons at frequency omega(s), as well as idler photons at frequency omega(i), are generated such that omega(s) + omega(i) = 2omega(p). A frequency-doubled dye laser tuned to two-photon resonance with the 6s6d(1)D(2) level near 280.3 nm produced output at 184.9 and 143.5 nm. A tunable krypton fluoride excimer laser tuned to two-photon resonance with the 6s10s (1)S(0) level near 248.7 nm produced output at 140.1, 130.7, 130.1, 125.9, and 125.0 nm. Approximately 1-microJ, 200-W pulses were observed at 143.5 and 125.9 nm.

Optics Letters•Apr 1, 1981•60 citations
Efficient harmonic generation at laser-induced autoionizing state in continuum, were observed for the first time by our laboratory [1,2,3]. In this paper, nonlinear frequency mixing in alkali metal vapors at induced continuum structure in Na, are studied in detail. Besides, measurement of nonlinear optical susceptibility at induced autoionizing resonance, is performed. Tunable ultraviolet radiations by four-photon processes near induced resonances are obtained. Estimations of the real and imaginary parts of the nonlinearities, are estimated. We will specially note, that the resonant photoabsorption of ions is experimentally investigated since it gives information about the autoionizing states, which is impossible to obtain on the base only of the emission spectra. We use also laser inducing for obtaining of powerful radiation source in VUV. Thus, many actual problems as the selective impact on matter, laser photochemistry and laser isotope separation are connected directly with the induced autoionizing nonlinear resonances. The main interest is to control the spectral characteristics of continuum. The discrete level from the continuum structure leads to appearance of asymmetrical autoionizing resonance onto the background of the broad-band absorption line.
The generation of tunable, nanosecond-pulsed extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) light (84.92nm(84.92\mathrm{nm}(84.92nm to 84.97nm84.97\mathrm{nm}84.97nm $\ensuremath{\sim}14.6\mathrm{eV})$ using four-wave mixing in optically deep krypton gas was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The sum-frequency mixing scheme generated light from two overlapping autoionizing resonances, ${17s}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ and ${15d}^{\ensuremath{'}}$. We investigated whether the laser-induced atomic coherence effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) could enhance the intensity of the EUV light generated. The maximum EUV output was seen from the region where the ${15d}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ autoionizing resonance has a transparency window due to Fano-type quantum interference. An analytical model using appropriate atomic parameters explains how background absorption can prevent EIT enhancement of EUV generation; and shows how a background Raman-like coupling term in the nonlinear susceptibility can well describe the measured EUV generation spectrum.
Coherent radiation at several wavelengths in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) has been generated by four-wave parametric oscillation in mercury vapor. When a powerful ultraviolet pump laser of frequency omega(p) is tuned to a two-photon resonance, VUV signal photons at frequency omega(s), as well as idler photons at frequency omega(i), are generated such that omega(s) + omega(i) = 2omega(p). A frequency-doubled dye laser tuned to two-photon resonance with the 6s6d(1)D(2) level near 280.3 nm produced output at 184.9 and 143.5 nm. A tunable krypton fluoride excimer laser tuned to two-photon resonance with the 6s10s (1)S(0) level near 248.7 nm produced output at 140.1, 130.7, 130.1, 125.9, and 125.0 nm. Approximately 1-microJ, 200-W pulses were observed at 143.5 and 125.9 nm.