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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

High-sensitivity imaging with quantum spatial correlation of twin beams

E. Brambilla, Lucia Caspani, A. Gatti, Ottavia Jedrkiewicz, Luigi A. Lugiato

Published Jun 1, 2007• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The first part of our work is devoted to identify regimes suitable for weak image detection. Moreover, we investigate a method of data analysis that identifies the centre of symmetry of the signal-idler images with a sub-pixel precision. In the second part of our work we study an imaging scheme, where a weakly absorbing object is posed in the far-field of the signal beam and the image is retrieved by subtracting pixel by pixel the signal idler intensities. We show that imaging with spatially correlated twin beams provides a substantial enhancement of the signal-to-noise ratio with respect to classical imaging in a domain of parameters accessible to experimental implementations.

DOI
10.1109/cleoe-iqec.2007.4386945

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The first part of our work is devoted to identify regimes suitable for weak image detection. Moreover, we investigate a method of data analysis that identifies the centre of symmetry of the signal-idler images with a sub-pixel precision. In the second part of our work we study an imaging scheme, where a weakly absorbing object is posed in the far-field of the signal beam and the image is retrieved by subtracting pixel by pixel the signal idler intensities. We show that imaging with spatially correlated twin beams provides a substantial enhancement of the signal-to-noise ratio with respect to classical imaging in a domain of parameters accessible to experimental implementations.
Properties of quantum states have disclosed new and revolutionary technologies, ranging from quantum information to quantum imaging. This last field is intended to overcome the limits of classical imaging by exploiting specific properties of quantum states of light. One of the most interesting proposed schemes exploits spatial quantum correlations between twin beams for realizing sub-shot-noise imaging of weakly absorbing objects, leading ideally to a noise-free imaging. Here we discuss in detail the experimental realization of this scheme, showing its capability to reach a larger signal-to-noise ratio with respect to classical imaging methods and therefore its potential for future practical applications.
We propose a method to improve the observation of spatial quantum correlation of twin beams produced by parametric down-conversion in a non-linear crystal. By applying our post-acquisition algorithm to experimental data we are able to reduce the uncertainty in the determination of the symmetry centre of the signal-idler pattern in the far-field plane, by searching it with sub-pixel accuracy. Reducing the uncertainty leads to an improvement of the observation of spatial quantum correlation of the twin beams. We perform theoretical and numerical investigation in order to test potentialities and limits of our algorithm, and we identify a proper experimental configuration that minimises the problem of symmetry centre uncertainty.
Twin entangled beams produced by single-pass parametric down-conversion (PDC) offer the opportunity to detect weak amount of absorption with an improved sensitivity with respect to standard techniques which make use of classical light sources. We propose a differential measurement scheme which exploits the spatial quantum correlation of type-II PDC to image a weak amplitude object with a sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit imposed by shot noise. By applying a quantitative numerical model to a specific PDC system (a type-II beta-barium borate crystal), we are able to identify conditions in parameter space suitable for a substantial enhancement of the imaging sensitivity, and we investigate the robustness of this enhancement against experimental imperfections.