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Zeitschrift für Physik D Atoms Molecules and Clusters

Production of a spin-polarized, metastable He(23 S) beam for studies in atomic and surface physics

G. Baum, Wilhelm Raith, H. Steidl

Published Jun 1, 1988• 32 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf01384851

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A spin-polarized triplet metastable helium (He*) beam has been used as a probe for surface magnetism, but changes in the spin state during scattering from a surface remain unclear. In the present study, we explored this issue by constructing an apparatus that allows us to direct a spin-polarized He* beam to a surface and measure the spin polarization of He* scattered from the surface. Magnetic hexapoles were used for both the beam polarization and the spin analysis. The results of the spin-dependent He* scattering experiments on clean ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$(100), H-terminated ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$(100), benzene-adsorbed ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$(100), and nonmagnetic Cu(100) surfaces indicated that, although the spin direction of He* was mostly preserved during scattering from these surfaces, spin-flop scattering of surviving He* occurred with a probability up to approximately 0.1. Our results showed that the survival probability was higher when the spins of He* and the ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$(100) film were parallel, which can be understood based on the lower He* resonance ionization rate for this spin orientation. Based on our findings, we estimate that a nonpolarized He* gas becomes 10% spin-polarized after a single collision with a clean ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$(100) surface.

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Spin Dependence in the Survival Probability of Metastable He ( 2S3 ) Atoms during the Scattering from Ferromagnetic Surfaces

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The use of a spin-polarized metastable helium (${\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}^{*}$) atom beam has demonstrated that the survival probability (SP) of ${\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}^{*}$ during the scattering from ferromagnetic surfaces depends on the electron spin of ${\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}^{*}$. The spin asymmetry in the SP of ${\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}^{*}$ scattered from a clean $\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}/\mathrm{C}\mathrm{u}(100)$ surface changed its polarity with ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$ adsorption. We argue that the reversal is caused by the change in the spin polarization of the surface electronic states at around the Fermi level.

Physical Review Letters•Dec 24, 2003•16 citations
A spin-polarized triplet metastable helium (He*) beam has been used as a probe for surface magnetism, but changes in the spin state during scattering from a surface remain unclear. In the present study, we explored this issue by constructing an apparatus that allows us to direct a spin-polarized He* beam to a surface and measure the spin polarization of He* scattered from the surface. Magnetic hexapoles were used for both the beam polarization and the spin analysis. The results of the spin-dependent He* scattering experiments on clean Fe3O4{\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}Fe3​O4​(100), H-terminated Fe3O4{\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}Fe3​O4​(100), benzene-adsorbed Fe3O4{\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}Fe3​O4​(100), and nonmagnetic Cu(100) surfaces indicated that, although the spin direction of He* was mostly preserved during scattering from these surfaces, spin-flop scattering of surviving He* occurred with a probability up to approximately 0.1. Our results showed that the survival probability was higher when the spins of He* and the Fe3O4{\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}Fe3​O4​(100) film were parallel, which can be understood based on the lower He* resonance ionization rate for this spin orientation. Based on our findings, we estimate that a nonpolarized He* gas becomes 10% spin-polarized after a single collision with a clean Fe3O4{\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}Fe3​O4​(100) surface.
The use of a spin-polarized metastable helium (He∗{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}^{*}He∗) atom beam has demonstrated that the survival probability (SP) of He∗{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}^{*}He∗ during the scattering from ferromagnetic surfaces depends on the electron spin of He∗{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}^{*}He∗. The spin asymmetry in the SP of He∗{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}^{*}He∗ scattered from a clean Fe/Cu(100)\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}/\mathrm{C}\mathrm{u}(100)Fe/Cu(100) surface changed its polarity with H2O{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}H2​O adsorption. We argue that the reversal is caused by the change in the spin polarization of the surface electronic states at around the Fermi level.