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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Stark Phase Shift and Deflection in the Ultracold Atomic Interferometer

Fujio Shimizu, Kazuko Shimizu, Hiroshi Takuma

Published Apr 1, 1992• 23 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Phase shift and deflection of interference patterns induced by the static electric field are studied in an optically cooled 1s3 metastable neon interferometer with Young's double-slit configuration.
DOI
10.1143/jjap.31.l436

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A double-slit interference of ultracold neon atoms in the 1s3{\mathit{s}}_{3}s3​ metastable state is studied. The interferometer is aligned vertically, and because of gravity acceleration the atom changes its velocity as much as 2 m/s during the passage of the interference. The interference fringes are observed for the initial atomic velocity between 0 and 2 m/s.
A quadrupolar static magnetic field used as a phase object in a Stern-Gerlach atom interferometer produces phase shifts proportional to the distance to the zero-field line. As a consequence the transverse intensity profile of the atomic beam beyond the interferometer is modulated by an interference pattern which is a ``phase portrait'' of the field configuration. This pattern---a central bright spot surrounded by annular fringes---can be translated as a whole in any transverse direction by adding a homogeneous field to the quadrupolar field. These effects have been investigated experimentally with a beam of metastable hydrogen atoms H∗(2s),{\mathrm{H}}^{*}(2s),H∗(2s), either by measuring the atom flux through a fixed slit or by scanning the beam profile through a movable hole. The results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
An atomic interferometer based on a Young's-type double-slit arrangement has been demonstrated. A supersonic beam of metastable helium atoms passes through a 2-\ensuremath{\mu}m-wide slit in a thin gold foil. This transversely coherent beam impinges on a second microfabricated transmission structure, consisting of two 1-\ensuremath{\mu}m-wide slits at a lateral distance of 8 \ensuremath{\mu}m. This double slit defines two possible paths on which the atoms can reach the detector slit. The good visibility of the observed fringes should make it possible to measure differential phase shifts in the interferometer of 1/3 rad in less than 10 min.